| Declaration | 第1-4页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第4-6页 |
| 英文摘要 | 第6-19页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction to Nominal Constructions beyond IP | 第19-52页 |
| 1．0 Preliminaries | 第19-52页 |
| 1．1 Contents of Chapter 1 | 第20-21页 |
| 1．2 Defining Nominal Constructions beyond IP | 第21-24页 |
| 1．3 Beyond-IP nominal constructions in Chinese and English: A comparative study | 第24-49页 |
| 1．3．1 Core and marginal | 第25-29页 |
| 1．3．2 Legal and illegal | 第29-35页 |
| 1．3．3 Two typological features | 第35-37页 |
| 1．3．4 Topics and beyond-IP nominal constructions | 第37-39页 |
| 1．3．5 Left dislocation | 第39-45页 |
| 1．3．6 Nominal wh-words and auxiliary inversion | 第45-49页 |
| 1．4 Why should we discuss different beyond-IP nominal constructions together? | 第49-52页 |
| Chapter 2 Previous Research on Different Nominal Constructions beyond IP | 第52-76页 |
| 2．0 Introduction | 第52-53页 |
| 2．1 A general review of the previous studies on topics in English and Chinese | 第53-58页 |
| 2．2 Movement, merger, and dislocation | 第58-65页 |
| 2．3 Accusative subject or scrambled object? | 第65-69页 |
| 2．4 A general review of the previous studies on wh-movement | 第69-72页 |
| 2．5 Operator movement with or without auxiliary inversion | 第72-75页 |
| 2．6 Summary | 第75-76页 |
| Chapter 3 Beyond-IP Nominal Constructions and Second Language Acquisition | 第76-112页 |
| 3．0 Introduction | 第76页 |
| 3．1 L2 acquisition and L1 transfer | 第76-82页 |
| 3．1．1 Defining SLA | 第76-77页 |
| 3．1．2 A “feel” for correctness | 第77-78页 |
| 3．1．3 L1 transfer and L1 perception | 第78-80页 |
| 3．1．4 Role of UG | 第80-82页 |
| 3．2 Previous SLA studies related to beyond-IP nominal constructions | 第82-95页 |
| 3．2．1 Asymmetric transfer of the L1-Chinese topic-comment mentality | 第82-86页 |
| 3．2．2 Asymmetry in acquiring/unlearning the base-generated topics of Chinese between L1-English and L1-Chinese learners | 第86-90页 |
| 3．2．3 Asymmetry between the unlearning of the Chinese headdrop constructions and the removal of their underlying mentality | 第90-95页 |
| 3．3 Reflections on initial L1 unlearning | 第95-98页 |
| 3．4 Martohardjono's discovery | 第98-101页 |
| 3．5 Basic Variety | 第101-110页 |
| 3．5．1 Klein's learner variety perspective | 第101-105页 |
| 3．5．2 Exploring roles of the Basic Variety | 第105-108页 |
| 3．5．3 Evidence from the Structure-Building Model | 第108-110页 |
| 3．6 Summary | 第110-112页 |
| chapter 4 Conceptual Framework | 第112-143页 |
| 4．0 Introduction | 第112页 |
| 4．1 Exploring L1 transfer beyond IP | 第112-118页 |
| 4．2 A pre-study observation | 第118-126页 |
| 4．3 Delayed L1-transfer beyond IP | 第126-127页 |
| 4．4 Three-Stage hypothesis | 第127-132页 |
| 4．5 The realm beyond IP as a syntax-discourse interface | 第132-135页 |
| 4．6 Initial restructuring to be explored | 第135-137页 |
| 4．7 Rationale of the present study | 第137-138页 |
| 4．8 Operationalization | 第138-142页 |
| 4．9 Summary | 第142-143页 |
| Chapter 5 Empirical Exploration | 第143-210页 |
| 5．0 Introduction | 第143-144页 |
| Part 1 | 第144-185页 |
| 5．1 Guideline | 第144-147页 |
| 5．2 Linguistic material | 第147-156页 |
| 5．3 Participants | 第156-158页 |
| 5．4 Procedure | 第158-159页 |
| 5．5 Results and discussion | 第159-179页 |
| 5．5．1 Two striking tendencies | 第159-163页 |
| 5．5．2 Evidence to the initial unlearning beyond IP | 第163-167页 |
| 5．5．3 Focus-by-focus analysis | 第167-179页 |
| 5．6 Summary of Part 1 | 第179-180页 |
| 5．7 Observational evidence in support of the conclusion of Part 1 | 第180-185页 |
| Part 2 | 第185-210页 |
| 5．8 Guideline | 第185-186页 |
| 5．9 Linguistic material | 第186-192页 |
| 5．10 Participants | 第192页 |
| 5．11 Procedure | 第192-193页 |
| 5．12 Results and discussion | 第193-208页 |
| 5．12．1 General analysis | 第193-195页 |
| 5．12．2 Focus-by-focus analysis | 第195-206页 |
| 5．12．3 Results of Additional Focus 2 | 第206-208页 |
| 5．13 Summary of Part 2 | 第208-210页 |
| Chapter 6 General Discussion | 第210-241页 |
| 6．0 Introduction | 第210页 |
| 6．1 Nominal constructions beyond-IP in L2 learners' mind | 第210-217页 |
| 6．1．1 How do the Chinese-speaking learners of English acquire the L2-specific beyond-IP nominal constructions? | 第211-213页 |
| 6．1．2 How do the Chinese-speaking learners of English unlearn their L1-specific beyond-IP nominal constructions? | 第213-217页 |
| 6．2 Rethinking the role of L1 in L2 acquisition | 第217-220页 |
| 6．3 Structural restructuring into IP | 第220-224页 |
| 6．4 Structural rebuilding beyond IP | 第224-225页 |
| 6．5 The role of triggering data | 第225-226页 |
| 6．6 L1 transfer at two levels | 第226-229页 |
| 6．7 Mental competition between L1 and L2 | 第229-232页 |
| 6．8 Mental transition from L1 to L2 | 第232-234页 |
| 6．9 Problems for future research | 第234-238页 |
| 6．10 Summary | 第238-241页 |
| Notes | 第241-254页 |
| References | 第254-262页 |
| Appendices | 第262-47页 |
| List of Tables | 第47-280页 |
| 1-1 Features of different questions with wh-constructions | 第47-49页 |
| 1-2 comparison of Beyond-IP nominal constructions in Chinese and in English | 第49-100页 |
| 3-1 Results of Martohardjono's （1992） test | 第100-160页 |
| 5-1 Mean scores and standard deviations of the judgments on the six focuses by the subjects of different groups | 第160-162页 |
| 5-2 The One-way ANOVA of the mean scores of different levels between the control items and the experimental items of every focus | 第162-168页 |
| 5-3 Pair-wise comparison in Scheffe tests between the six groups in judging the items of Focus 1 | 第168-170页 |
| 5-4 Patr-wise comparison in Scheffe tests between the six groups in judging the items of Focus 2 | 第170-171页 |
| 5-5 Pair-wise comparison in Scheffe tests between the six groups in judging the items of Focus 3 | 第171-173页 |
| 5-6 Pair-wise comparison in Scheffe tests between the six groups in judging the items of Focus 4 | 第173-176页 |
| 5-7 Pair-wise comparison in Scheffe tests between the six groups in judging the items of Focus 5 | 第176-178页 |
| 5-8 Pair-wise comparison in Scheffe tests between the six groups in judging the items of Focus 6 | 第178-193页 |
| 5-9 Mean scores and standard deviations of the judgments on the context-involved items of part 2 （focuses 1-6） by the subjects of groups I and A and the NS control group | 第193-194页 |
| 5-10 Pair-wise comparison in Scheffe tests between the mean scores of the groups I, A, and NS for the context-free items and the context-involved items of each focus | 第194-195页 |
| 5-11 Pair-wise comparison in Scheffe tests between groups I, A, and NS in judging the context-involved items of the 6 focuses | 第195-206页 |
| 5-12 Mean scores and standard deviations of the judgements on the items of Additional Focus 2 by the subjects of I and A levels and the NS group | 第206-280页 |
