| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第5-6页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第6页 |
| 摘要 | 第7-8页 |
| CONTENTS | 第8-12页 |
| LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS | 第12-13页 |
| CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION | 第13-19页 |
| 1.1 Rationale of the Study | 第13-15页 |
| 1.2 Objectives and Significance of the Study | 第15-17页 |
| 1.2.1 Research Questions | 第15页 |
| 1.2.2 Research Methodology and Procedure | 第15-17页 |
| 1.2.3 Research Significance | 第17页 |
| 1.3 Outline of the Thesis | 第17-19页 |
| CHAPTER TWO RELEVANT STUDIES | 第19-31页 |
| 2.1 Spatial Prepositions as Vital Components in Concept Structuring Systems | 第19页 |
| 2.2 Previous Cognitive SemanticAnalyses of Spatial Prepositions | 第19-22页 |
| 2.2.1 “Full Specification”Approach | 第20页 |
| 2.2.2 “Image-schema Transformation”Approach | 第20-21页 |
| 2.2.3 “Multiple Level Schematization” Approach | 第21页 |
| 2.2.4 Protoscene-based Approach | 第21-22页 |
| 2.3 CognitiveApproaches in Spatial Prepositions Teaching andAcquisition | 第22-23页 |
| 2.4 Previous Cognitive Approaches in Optimization of Spatial Preposition Entries | 第23-24页 |
| 2.5 Terminologies | 第24-28页 |
| 2.5.1 Conceptual Metaphor as a Fundamental Cognitive Mechanism | 第24-25页 |
| 2.5.2 Image-schema as an Abstraction of Spatial Relations | 第25-26页 |
| 2.5.3 Figure/Ground and Trajecotr/Landmark: the Anchoring System in Cognitive Mechanism and Language | 第26-28页 |
| 2.6 Summary | 第28-31页 |
| CHAPTER THREE SORTING OUT AND CLASSIFYING THE SPATIAL USES OF PREPOSITION TO: BUILDING UP ASKELETON | 第31-41页 |
| 3.1 Sorting out “Spatial” Uses | 第31-34页 |
| 3.1.1 “Fictive-motion” Uses | 第32页 |
| 3.1.2 Preposition to Following “Nouns with Dynamicity” | 第32-33页 |
| 3.1.3 Subconscious Inference in Depiction of Scenes | 第33-34页 |
| 3.2 Classification of Spatial Uses | 第34-39页 |
| 3.2.1 Primary Classification of Spatial Uses of Preposition to | 第35-38页 |
| 3.2.2 Scarcity of [Horizontal/Vertical, Static, Contact] Uses | 第38-39页 |
| 3.3 Summary | 第39-41页 |
| CHAPTER FOUR PINNING DOWN THE PROTO-SCHEMAOF PREPOSITION TO | 第41-47页 |
| 4.1 Historic Evidence | 第41-42页 |
| 4.2 Preposition to in Composite Forms: into and onto | 第42-43页 |
| 4.3 Relation with Preposition Toward(s) | 第43-44页 |
| 4.4 The Proto-Schema | 第44-45页 |
| 4.5 Summary | 第45-47页 |
| CHAPTER FIVE CLASSIFICATION OF NON-SPATIAL USES OF PREPOSITION TO | 第47-71页 |
| 5.1 Non-Spatial Uses Connected with [Horizontal, Dynamic] Uses | 第47-56页 |
| 5.1.1 Change of State | 第47-49页 |
| 5.1.2 Change of Possessive Relations | 第49-50页 |
| 5.1.3 Indicating the Intended Target of a Certain Act or Effect | 第50-52页 |
| 5.1.4 Denoting the Range or Span of Time, Value, etc | 第52-53页 |
| 5.1.5 Indication of the Time Length between a Time Point and a Later Time Point | 第53-54页 |
| 5.1.6 Indicating Formation of a Relation or Link | 第54-55页 |
| 5.1.7 Reaching a Certain Phase; Meeting a requirement, etc | 第55-56页 |
| 5.2 Non-Spatial Uses Connected with [Horizontal, Static] Uses | 第56-65页 |
| 5.2.1 Indicating Target of an Attitude | 第56-57页 |
| 5.2.2 Indicating Target of a Certain Act | 第57-59页 |
| 5.2.3 Denoting Correspondence between Two Entities | 第59-60页 |
| 5.2.5 Reflective Use | 第60-61页 |
| 5.2.6 Indicating Equivalence between Cognitive Domains or within a Cognitive Domain | 第61-62页 |
| 5.2.7 Denoting Comparison | 第62-64页 |
| 5.2.8 DenotingAccordance | 第64-65页 |
| 5.3 Non-Spatial Uses Connected with [Vertical, Dynamic] Uses | 第65-69页 |
| 5.3.1 the Upward Sub-group | 第65-68页 |
| 5.3.2 The Downward Sub-group | 第68-69页 |
| 5.4 Summary | 第69-71页 |
| CHAPTER SIX APPLICATION OF COGNITIVE ANALYSES IN ENTRY-MAKING OF THE PREPOSITION TO | 第71-85页 |
| 6.1 SenseArrangement Strategies and Their Pros and Cons | 第71-72页 |
| 6.2 ACombinedApproach to SenseArrangement for Spatial Prepositions | 第72-74页 |
| 6.3 Making Interrelations between Spatial and Non-spatial Uses Salient in Definitions | 第74-76页 |
| 6.4 Adjustments Made in Entry-making Practice | 第76页 |
| 6.5 Our Entry of Preposition to | 第76-82页 |
| 6.5.1 Structure of Preposition to Entry | 第77-78页 |
| 6.5.2 Entry of Preposition to | 第78-82页 |
| 6.6 Summary | 第82-85页 |
| CHAPTER SEVEN CONCLUSION | 第85-87页 |
| 7.1 Findings | 第85-86页 |
| 7.2 Implications | 第86页 |
| 7.3 Limitations | 第86-87页 |
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 第87-93页 |
