| ABSTRACT | 第10-11页 |
| 摘要 | 第12-13页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第13-19页 |
| 1.1 Background of This Research | 第13-15页 |
| 1.2 Needs for the Research | 第15-16页 |
| 1.3 Purpose and Significance of the Research | 第16-17页 |
| 1.4 Layout of the Thesis | 第17-19页 |
| Chapter 2 Literature Review | 第19-44页 |
| 2.1 Formative Evaluation | 第19-38页 |
| 2.1.1 Definition of Formative Evaluation | 第19-21页 |
| 2.1.2 The Process of Formative Evaluation | 第21-23页 |
| 2.1.3 Classification of Formative Evaluation | 第23-26页 |
| 2.1.4 The effectiveness of Formative Evaluation | 第26-28页 |
| 2.1.5 Purposes and Benefits of Formative Evaluation | 第28-30页 |
| 2.1.6 Distinction between Formative Evaluation and Summative Evaluation | 第30-32页 |
| 2.1.7 Formative Evaluation Studies at Home and Abroad | 第32-35页 |
| 2.1.8 VAO English Teaching for College students and Its Evaluation Methods | 第35-38页 |
| 2.2 Action Research and its Models | 第38-44页 |
| 2.2.1 Definition of Action Research | 第38-40页 |
| 2.2.2 Action Research Models | 第40-44页 |
| Chapter 3 Methodology | 第44-56页 |
| 3.1 Research Objective and Research Questions | 第44页 |
| 3.2 Research Subjects | 第44-46页 |
| 3.3 Action Research Plan | 第46-50页 |
| 3.3.1 Mobilization, Investigation, and Analysis before the Action Research | 第46-47页 |
| 3.3.2 Action Design and Action Implementation | 第47-49页 |
| 3.3.3 Reflection and Evaluation of Action Research Effect | 第49-50页 |
| 3.4 Research Instruments | 第50-56页 |
| 3.4.1 Questionnaire | 第50-51页 |
| 3.4.2 Interview | 第51-52页 |
| 3.4.3 Classroom Observation | 第52-54页 |
| 3.4.4 Teacher's Teaching Logs | 第54-55页 |
| 3.4.5 Students' Learning Logs | 第55-56页 |
| Chapter 4 Implementation of Action Research | 第56-86页 |
| 4.1 Mobilization, Investigation, Analysis before the Action Research | 第56-61页 |
| 4.1.1 The Students' Basic Situation in the Listening and Speaking Abilities | 第56-57页 |
| 4.1.2 The Existing Difficulties in VAO English Teaching | 第57-61页 |
| 4.2 Identification of the Problems in VAO English Teaching | 第61-62页 |
| 4.3 Implementation of the First Round of Action Research | 第62-77页 |
| 4.3.1 Developing Solutions to Problems | 第62-64页 |
| 4.3.2 Design of Oral Activities in VAO English Teaching | 第64-74页 |
| 4.3.3 Summary and Reflection of the First Round of Action Research | 第74-77页 |
| 4.4 Implementation of the Second Round of Action Research | 第77-86页 |
| 4.4.1 Adding New Forms of Oral Activities | 第78-81页 |
| 4.4.2 Adding New Forms of Evaluation | 第81-83页 |
| 4.4.3 Summary and Reflection of the Second Round of Action Research | 第83-86页 |
| Chapter 5 Results and Analysis | 第86-97页 |
| 5.1 Students' Changes in Attitude and Behavior | 第86-91页 |
| 5.1.1 Analysis and Discussion of Questionnaire Survey | 第86-88页 |
| 5.1.2 Analysis and Discussion of the Interview | 第88-89页 |
| 5.1.3 Analysis and Discussion of Class Observation Results | 第89-90页 |
| 5.1.4 Analysis and Discussion of the Teacher's Logs | 第90-91页 |
| 5.2 Students' Changes in Oral Ability | 第91-94页 |
| 5.3 Students' Changes in Listening Ability | 第94-95页 |
| 5.4 Teacher's Changes in Teaching Process | 第95-97页 |
| Chapter 6 Conclusion | 第97-103页 |
| 6.1 Major Findings of the Study | 第97-99页 |
| 6.2 Implications of the Study | 第99-100页 |
| 6.3 Limitations of the Study | 第100-101页 |
| 6.4 Suggestions for Further Study | 第101-103页 |
| Bibliography | 第103-108页 |
| Appendixes | 第108-119页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第119-120页 |
| 附件 | 第120页 |
