| Acknowledgements | 第4-5页 |
| Abstract | 第5-6页 |
| 摘要 | 第7-12页 |
| Lists of Abbreviations | 第12-16页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第16-19页 |
| 1.1 Need for the Study | 第16页 |
| 1.2 Significance of the Study | 第16-18页 |
| 1.2.1 Theoretical Significance of the Study | 第16-17页 |
| 1.2.2 Practical Significance of the Study | 第17-18页 |
| 1.3 Layout of the Thesis | 第18-19页 |
| Chapter Two Literature Review | 第19-35页 |
| 2.1 Key Terms and Related Concepts | 第19-25页 |
| 2.1.1 Definition of Cognitive Load | 第19-21页 |
| 2.1.2 Definition of Working Memory | 第21-24页 |
| 2.1.3 Definition of Listening Comprehension | 第24-25页 |
| 2.2 Theoretical foundations of the Study | 第25-29页 |
| 2.2.1 Theories Related to Cognitive Load Theory | 第25-28页 |
| 2.2.2 Theories Related to Working Memory Mechanism | 第28-29页 |
| 2.3 Previous Empirical Studies on Working Memory and Listening Comprehension Abroad and at Home | 第29-33页 |
| 2.3.1 Previous Empirical Studies on Working Memory and Listening Comprehension Abroad | 第29-31页 |
| 2.3.2 Previous Empirical Studies on Working Memory and Listening Comprehension at Home | 第31-33页 |
| 2.4 Summary | 第33-35页 |
| Chapter Three Methodology | 第35-51页 |
| 3.1 Research Questions | 第35页 |
| 3.2 Research Design | 第35-50页 |
| 3.2.1 Subjects | 第35-38页 |
| 3.2.2 Research Methods | 第38页 |
| 3.2.3 Research Materials and Instruments | 第38-40页 |
| 3.2.4 Procedures | 第40-49页 |
| 3.2.5 Data Collection and Analysis | 第49-50页 |
| 3.3 Summary | 第50-51页 |
| Chapter Four Results and Discussion | 第51-70页 |
| 4.1 Results of Training of the Phonological Loop | 第51-56页 |
| 4.1.1 One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test in the First Post-test | 第51-52页 |
| 4.1.2 Descriptive Statistics in the First Post-test | 第52-53页 |
| 4.1.3 Independent Sample Test in the First Post-test | 第53-55页 |
| 4.1.4 Paired Samples Test in the First Post-test | 第55-56页 |
| 4.2 Results of the Training of Visuospatial Sketchpad | 第56-61页 |
| 4.2.1 One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test in the Second Post-test | 第56-57页 |
| 4.2.2 Descriptive Statistics in the Second Post-test | 第57-58页 |
| 4.2.3 Independent Sample Test in the Second Post-test | 第58-59页 |
| 4.2.4 Paired Samples Test in the Second Post-test | 第59-61页 |
| 4.3 Results of the Central Executive Test and Questionnaires | 第61-67页 |
| 4.3.1 Results of the Central Executive Test | 第61页 |
| 4.3.2 Results of Questionnaires | 第61-67页 |
| 4.4 Discussion of the Results of the Training Process | 第67-69页 |
| 4.4.1 Effects of Training of the Phonological Loop | 第67-68页 |
| 4.4.2 Effects of Training of Visuospatial Sketchpad | 第68-69页 |
| 4.4.3 Effects of Training of Central Executive | 第69页 |
| 4.5 Summary | 第69-70页 |
| Chapter Five Conclusion | 第70-74页 |
| 5.1 Major Findings | 第70-71页 |
| 5.2 Pedagogical Implications | 第71-72页 |
| 5.3 Limitations of This Research and Suggestions for Future Study | 第72-74页 |
| 5.3.1 Limitations of This Research | 第72页 |
| 5.3.2 Suggestions for Future Study | 第72-74页 |
| References | 第74-78页 |
| Appendix Ⅰ: Pre-test listening material | 第78-83页 |
| Appendix Ⅱ: Post-test listening material (1) | 第83-87页 |
| Appendix Ⅲ: Post-test of listening material (2) | 第87-92页 |
| Appendix Ⅳ: Questionnaire 1 | 第92-93页 |
| Appendix Ⅴ: Questionnaire 2 | 第93-95页 |
| Appendix Ⅵ:Scores of Group | 第95-97页 |
| Appendix Ⅶ: Scores of Group 2 | 第97-99页 |
| Appendix Ⅷ:Statistics of the Two Questionnaires | 第99-100页 |
