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音调对位中的语音及音系错位现象:粤语调域模型修校

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS第5-6页
ABSTRACT第6-7页
摘要第8-9页
CONTENTS第9-12页
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS第12-13页
LIST OF TABLES第13-17页
LIST OF FIGURES第17-20页
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION第20-24页
    1.1 Aim of the study第21-22页
    1.2 Significance of the study第22页
    1.3 Organization of the paper第22-24页
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW第24-54页
    2.1 Observational level – phonetic level第24-37页
        2.1.1 The intuitive method: Chao’s five-scale system (1930)第25-26页
        2.1.2 Criticisms of Chao’s system第26-33页
        2.1.3 The acoustic method: fundamental frequency normalization第33-37页
    2.2 Structural perspective – phonological level第37-54页
        2.2.1 Requirements exerted on feature system第37页
        2.2.2 Auto-segmental phonology第37-38页
        2.2.3 Yip’s (1980) theory第38-41页
        2.2.4 Bao’s (1990) theory第41-43页
        2.2.5 Mismatches in citation tones summarized第43-45页
        2.2.6 Changed tone第45-54页
CHAPTER THREE ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK第54-62页
    3.1 Principle of fundamental frequency normalization第54-57页
    3.2 Methods using logarithmic data第57-59页
        3.2.1 Reasons for logarithmic treatment第57-58页
        3.2.2 Three logarithmic methods第58-59页
    3.3 Comparison between FOR-type and POR-type Methods第59-60页
    3.4 Acoustic method selected for the study第60-61页
    3.5 The “range” of lz-score value第61-62页
CHAPTER FOUR METHODOLOGY第62-84页
    4.1 For citation tones第62-80页
        4.1.1 Sources第62-64页
        4.1.2 Sampling第64-65页
        4.1.3 Data collection – duration editing第65-73页
        4.1.4 Measurement of the edited tones第73-80页
    4.2 For changed tones第80-84页
        4.2.1 Sources第81页
        4.2.2 Sampling第81-82页
        4.2.3 Analysis procedures第82-84页
CHAPTER FIVE RESULTS AND DISCUSSION第84-158页
    5.1 Acoustic features assorted by informants第84-96页
        5.1.1 Informant LGH第84-86页
        5.1.2 Informant LGY第86-88页
        5.1.3 Informant LJY第88-90页
        5.1.4 Informant GHS第90-92页
        5.1.5 Informant PDQ第92-94页
        5.1.6 Informant PQW第94-96页
    5.2 Acoustic features of normalized Cantonese tones第96-111页
        5.2.1 T1 contour normalization第96-98页
        5.2.2 T1! contour normalization第98-100页
        5.2.3 T2 contour normalization第100-102页
        5.2.4 T3 contour normalization第102-104页
        5.2.5 T4 contour normalization第104-106页
        5.2.6 T5 contour normalization第106-109页
        5.2.7 T6 contour normalization第109-111页
    5.3 The normalized acoustic map of Guangzhou Cantonese第111-112页
    5.4 Scaling strategies of phonetic data for tonal value第112-122页
        5.4.1 Defining the range coefficient from acoustic data第113页
        5.4.2 Results of phonetic levels第113-122页
    5.5 Scaling strategies of phonetic data for tonal types第122-138页
        5.5.1 Internal evidence – ANOVA test第122-135页
        5.5.2 External evidence – the odd lowest level of NT4第135-136页
        5.5.4 External evidence – Level 3 of NT6第136页
        5.5.5 Six mapping plans of tone values and tone types第136-138页
        5.5.6 Summing up第138页
    5.6 Discussion第138-150页
        5.6.1 Models against five-scaled background, T4 as low falling第139页
        5.6.2 Models against five-scaled background, T4 as low level第139-140页
        5.6.3 Models against five-scaled background, T4 as low falling, T6 as low level第140-141页
        5.6.4 Models against five-scaled background, T4 as low level, T6 as low level第141-142页
        5.6.5 Models against four-scaled background, T4 as low falling第142-143页
        5.6.6 Models against four-scaled background, T4 as low level第143-144页
        5.6.7 New model and possible solutions第144-150页
    5.7 Results of the study of changed tones第150-153页
        5.7.1 The high level changed tone T1*第151-152页
        5.7.2 The high rising changed tone T2*第152-153页
    5.8 Discussion: explanation by the newly proposed register model第153-158页
CHAPTER SIX CONCLUSION第158-160页
    6.1 Major findings第158-159页
    6.2 Problems and prospects第159-160页
REFERENCES第160-164页
APPENDICES第164-165页
    Appendix A第164-165页
    Appendix B第165页

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