| 摘要 | 第1-6页 |
| Abstract | 第6-7页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第7-11页 |
| Introduction | 第11-13页 |
| Chapter 1 Literature Review | 第13-32页 |
| ·Definitions of Metaphor on Different Stages of Studies on Metaphor | 第13-22页 |
| ·Rhetoric Studies on Metaphor | 第14-16页 |
| ·Semantic Views of Metaphor | 第16-19页 |
| ·Interdisciplinary Studies on Metaphor | 第19-22页 |
| ·Metaphor and Culture | 第22-28页 |
| ·The Term “culture”in the Anthropological Sense | 第22-24页 |
| ·The Interdependent Relationship between Metaphor and Culture | 第24-25页 |
| ·Cross-Cultural Studies on Metaphors | 第25-28页 |
| ·Zoltan K?vecses | 第25-26页 |
| ·Ning Yu | 第26-27页 |
| ·Naomi Quinn | 第27-28页 |
| ·Previous Studies of Cattle in the Language | 第28-32页 |
| ·The Influences of Cattle on Human Language | 第28-29页 |
| ·Previous Studies of Cattle | 第29-32页 |
| Chapter 2 Metaphors in Chinese and English: A Case Study of “牛” and “cow/bull” | 第32-47页 |
| ·Explanations on the Linguistic Data and Classification of Metaphors | 第32-35页 |
| ·The Reason for Choosing Chinese “牛”and English “cow/bull” | 第32-34页 |
| ·Classification Method of Metaphors about Chinese “牛”and English “cow/bull” | 第34-35页 |
| ·Metaphors of Chinese “牛” | 第35-40页 |
| ·“牛”→“strong persons” | 第35-36页 |
| ·“牛”→“humble persons” | 第36-37页 |
| ·“牛”→“sluggish and clumsy persons” | 第37-38页 |
| ·“牛”→“industrious persons” | 第38-39页 |
| ·“牛”→“stubborn persons” | 第39页 |
| ·“牛”→“arrogant persons” | 第39-40页 |
| ·“牛”→“unpleasant persons” | 第40页 |
| ·Metaphors of English “cow/bull” | 第40-43页 |
| ·“bull”→“strong persons” | 第40-41页 |
| ·“cow”→“sluggish and clumsy persons” | 第41页 |
| ·“bull”→“stubborn persons” | 第41-42页 |
| ·“bull”→“irritable and aggressive persons” | 第42-43页 |
| ·“cow”→“unpleasant persons” | 第43页 |
| ·Similarities of Metaphors about Chinese “牛”and English “cow/bull” | 第43-44页 |
| ·Differences of Metaphors about Chinese “牛”and English “cow/bull” | 第44-47页 |
| Chapter 3 Cultural Analysis of Metaphors about Chinese “牛”and English “Cow/Bull” | 第47-62页 |
| ·Reasons Accounting for the Similarities between Chinese “牛” and English “cow/bull”Metaphors | 第47-50页 |
| ·Similar Structure of Human Brain | 第48-49页 |
| ·Similar Bodily Experience | 第49-50页 |
| ·Reasons Accounting for the Differences between Chinese “牛” and English “cow/bull”Metaphors | 第50-55页 |
| ·Different Geography and Living Style | 第51-52页 |
| ·Different Customs and Traditions | 第52-53页 |
| ·Different Religious Beliefs and Literary Works | 第53-55页 |
| ·Summary of My Findings | 第55-59页 |
| ·My Findings | 第56-58页 |
| ·Limitations of My Study | 第58-59页 |
| ·Its Applications to Language Teaching | 第59-62页 |
| Chapter 4 Conclusion | 第62-64页 |
| References | 第64-66页 |
