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金戈李核(Neocarya macrophylla)脱脂粉和金戈李核油的理化性质及抗氧化能力研究

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT第8-9页
ABSTRACT第9-11页
摘要第12-16页
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS第16-23页
CHAPTER 1 General Introduction and Literature Review第23-54页
    1.1 General introduction第23-25页
    1.2 Objectives of this research第25页
    1.3 Literature Review第25-45页
        1.3.1 General description of gingerbread plum (Neocarya macrophylla)第25-29页
        1.3.2 Gingerbread plum kernels第29-30页
        1.3.3 Anti-nutritional factors第30页
        1.3.4 Viscosity of seed flour第30页
        1.3.5 Vegetable oils第30-38页
            1.3.5.1 Major compounds第30-31页
            1.3.5.2 Fatty acids第31-34页
            1.3.5.4 Minor compounds第34页
            1.3.5.5 Free fatty acids第34-35页
            1.3.5.6 Oxidation products第35页
            1.3.5.7 Pigments第35-36页
            1.3.5.8 Phytosterols第36-37页
            1.3.5.9 Tocols第37-38页
        1.3.6 Extraction of gingerbread plum kernel oil第38-39页
            1.3.6.1 Solvent extraction第38页
            1.3.6.2 Cold pressed oil extraction第38页
            1.3.6.3 Hot pressed extraction第38-39页
        1.3.7 Oil composition第39页
        1.3.8 Chemical and physical characteristics第39-40页
            1.3.8.1 Iodine Value第39页
            1.3.8.2 Saponification value第39-40页
            1.3.8.3 Peroxide value第40页
        1.3.9 Refining of Vegetable Oils第40-43页
        1.3.10 Antioxidant activities of oilseed第43-44页
            1.3.10.1 An overview of the assay methods used to estimate antioxidant content第43-44页
            1.3.10.2 DPPH method第44页
        1.3.11 Volatile and Semi Volatile Compounds第44-45页
    1.4 References第45-54页
CHAPTER 2 Chemical composition, antinutritional evaluation and phenolic compounds of gingerbread plum(Neocarya macrophylla) kernel第54-73页
    2.1 Introduction第54-55页
    2.2 Materials and methods第55-59页
        2.2.1 Sample preparation第55页
        2.2.2 Phenolic compound extraction第55-56页
        2.2.3 Vitamin determination of gingerbread plum kernel flour (GPKF)第56页
        2.2.4 Determination of amino composition of GPK paste and flour第56页
        2.2.5 Mineral determination of GPK paste and flour第56-57页
        2.2.6 Antinutritional Factors of GPK flour第57-58页
            2.2.6.1 Extraction and estimation of trypsin inhibitor第57页
            2.2.6.2 Phytic Acid determination of GKP flour第57-58页
            2.2.6.3 Tannins determination of GPK flour第58页
        2.2.7 Viscosity determination of GPK flour第58页
        2.2.8 HPLC analysis第58-59页
        2.2.9 Statistical analysis第59页
    2.3 Results and discussions第59-68页
        2.3.1 Proximate composition of GPK paste and flour第59-60页
        2.3.2 Mineral content analysis of GPK paste and flour第60页
        2.3.3 Vitamins content in GPK flour第60页
        2.3.4 Antinutritional factors in GPK flour第60-62页
        2.3.5 Amino acid composition of GPK paste and flour第62-64页
        2.3.6 Viscosity第64页
        2.3.7 Phenolic compound of the methanolic extract第64-68页
    2.4 Conclusions第68-69页
    2.5 REFRENCES第69-73页
CHAPTER 3 Biochemical characterization and antioxidant capacity of hydrolyzed protein fractions obtainedfrom gingerbread plum (Neocarya macrophylla) kernel第73-92页
    3.1 Introduction第73-74页
    3.2 Materials and methods第74-79页
        3.2.1 Materials第74页
        3.2.2 Preparation of defatted gingerbread plum kernels flour from Guinea第74-75页
        3.2.3 Fractionation of gingerbread plum kernel proteins using an Osborne-type procedure第75页
        3.2.4 Determination of protein content第75-76页
        3.2.5 Hydrolysis of gingerbread plum kernel (from Guinea) protein fractions with digestiveenzymes第76页
        3.2.6 Determination of molecular weight distribution第76页
        3.2.7 Antioxidant properties of gingerbread plum kernel protein fractions hydrolysate (GPKH)第76-78页
            3.2.7.1 Determination of total phenolic content (TPC)第76-77页
            3.2.7.2 Determination of reducing power第77页
            3.2.7.3 DPPH radical-scavenging activity第77页
            3.2.7.4 Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay第77-78页
            3.2.7.5 Metal chelating activity第78页
        3.2.8 Statistical analysis第78-79页
    3.3 Results and Discussion第79-87页
        3.3.1 Chemical composition of gingerbread plum kernel paste and flour第79页
        3.3.2 Protein contents of gingerbread plum kernel protein fractions第79-80页
        3.3.3 Phenolic contents of gingerbread plum kernel protein fractions hydrolysate (GPKH)第80-81页
        3.3.4 Reducing power第81-82页
        3.3.5 DPPH radical scavenging activity第82页
        3.3.6 Hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity第82-83页
        3.3.7 Metal chelating activity第83页
        3.3.8 Determination of molecular weight distribution第83-84页
        3.3.9 Amino acid composition第84-87页
    3.4 Conclusion第87-88页
    3.5 References第88-92页
CHAPTER 4 Physicochemical and antioxidant characteristics of gingerbread plum (Neocarya macrophylla) kernel oils第92-111页
    4.1 Introduction第92-93页
    4.2 Materials and Methods第93-97页
        4.2.1 Raw materials and oil extraction第93页
        4.2.2 Physical parameters第93-94页
        4.2.3 Fatty acid analysis by GC–MS第94页
        4.2.4 Antioxidant activity第94-97页
            4.2.4.1 DPPH radical-scavenging activity第94页
            4.2.4.2 Reducing power第94-95页
            4.2.4.3 Determination of total phenolic content (TPC)第95页
            4.2.4.4 Estimation of total flavonoid content第95页
            4.2.4.5 Determination of β–carotene第95-96页
            4.2.4.6 Sterol Analysis第96页
            4.2.4.7 Analytical HPLC Determination of Tocopherols第96-97页
        4.2.5 Statistical analysis第97页
    4.3 Results and Discussion第97-106页
        4.3.1 Oil Content and Physical Characteristics第97-101页
            4.3.1.2 Oil Contents第97页
            4.3.1.3 Iodine Value第97-98页
            4.3.1.4 Saponification Value第98页
            4.3.1.5 Free Fatty Acid and Acid Value第98-99页
            4.3.1.6 Peroxide Value第99页
            4.3.1.7 Color Attributes第99-100页
            4.3.1.8 Fatty Acid Composition第100-101页
        4.3.2 Antioxidant Activity第101-105页
            4.3.2.1 Total Phenolic Content第103页
            4.3.2.2 Tocopherols Composition第103-105页
        4.3.3 Sterols Composition第105-106页
    4.4 Conclusions第106页
    4.5 Reference第106-111页
CHAPTER 5 Physicochemical properties of refined and unrefined oils of gingerbread plum (Neocaryamacrophylla) kernels from Guinea and Niger第111-130页
    5.1 Introduction第111-112页
    5.2 Materials and methods第112-116页
        5.2.1 Raw materials and oil extraction第112-113页
        5.2.2 Chemical analysis第113页
        5.2.3 Refining process第113-114页
        5.2.4 Fatty acid analysis of gingerbread plum kernel oil by GC–MS第114页
        5.2.5 Sterol composition of gingerbread plum kernel oil第114-115页
        5.2.6 Tocopherols analysis第115页
        5.2.7 Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of gingerbread plum kernel seed oil第115页
        5.2.8 Volatiles and semi volatiles compounds in gingerbread plum kernel seed oils by SPME fibers第115-116页
            5.2.8.1 Optimized SPME procedure第115-116页
            5.2.8.2 GC MS analysis第116页
        5.2.9 Statistical analysis第116页
    5.3 Results and discussion第116-125页
        5.3.1 Chemical analysis第116-118页
        5.3.2 Fatty acid characterization of gingerbread plum kernel oils第118-120页
        5.3.3 Sterol composition of gingerbread plum kernel oil第120-121页
        5.3.4 Tocopherol composition of gingerbread plum kernel oils第121-122页
        5.3.5 Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of gingerbread plum kernel oil第122-125页
    5.4 Conclusion第125-127页
    5.5 References第127-130页
CHAPTER 6 Identification and quantification of Triacylglycerol, and benzo(a)pyerene of gingerbread plum(Neocaya macrophylla) kernel oils from Guinea and Niger第130-151页
    6.1 Introduction第130-131页
    6.2 Materials and Methods第131-133页
        6.2.1 Raw materials and reagents第131-132页
        6.2.2 Extraction of gingerbread plum kernel oil第132页
            6.2.2.1 Solvent extraction第132页
            6.2.2.2 Cold pressed oil extraction第132页
            6.2.2.3 Hot pressed extraction第132页
        6.2.3 Physicochemical analysis第132-133页
        6.2.4 Statistical analysis第133页
    6.3 Results and Discussion第133-145页
        6.3.1 Total fatty acid composition第134-136页
        6.3.2 Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC)第136-137页
        6.3.3 Benzo(a)pyrene content of gingerbread plum kernel oils第137-138页
        6.3.4 Positional analysis of fatty acids第138-140页
        6.3.5 TAGs separation by UPL第140-145页
    6.4 Conclusions第145-147页
    6.5 References第147-151页
CHAPITRE 7 General Conclusions and Recommendations第151-154页
    7.1 General Conclusions第151-153页
    7.2 Recommendations第153页
    7.3 Keys Innovations第153-154页
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS第154页

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