| Abstract | 第1-8页 |
| 摘要 | 第8-10页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第10-13页 |
| ·Background of the Present Study | 第10-11页 |
| ·Purpose of the Research | 第11页 |
| ·Significance of the Study | 第11-12页 |
| ·Organization of the Thesis | 第12-13页 |
| Chapter Two Literature Review | 第13-27页 |
| ·Researches on Pragmatic Empathy | 第13-17页 |
| ·Researches on Pragmatic Empathy Abroad | 第13-15页 |
| ·Researches on Pragmatic Empathy at Home | 第15-17页 |
| ·Researches on Politeness | 第17-23页 |
| ·Researches on Politeness Abroad | 第17-21页 |
| ·Researches on Politeness at Home | 第21-23页 |
| ·Researches on American Presidential Speeches | 第23-27页 |
| Chapter Three Theoretical Foundations of Pragmatic Empathy | 第27-31页 |
| ·Brown and Levinson’s Face-saving Theory | 第27-28页 |
| ·Concept of “face” | 第27-28页 |
| ·Face-Threatening Acts | 第28页 |
| ·Politeness Strategy | 第28-31页 |
| Chapter Four Methodology | 第31-34页 |
| ·Data Collection | 第31-32页 |
| ·Research | 第32-34页 |
| Chapter Five Analysis of the Realization of Pragmatic Empathy in American Presidential Speeches | 第34-57页 |
| ·Realization of Pragmatic Empathy by Using First Person Plural Pronouns | 第34-39页 |
| ·Introduction | 第34-35页 |
| ·Analysis of frequently Used First Person Plural Pronouns | 第35-38页 |
| ·Conclusion | 第38-39页 |
| ·Realization of Pragmatic Empathy by Using Hedges | 第39-49页 |
| ·Definitions | 第39-41页 |
| ·Frequently Used Hedges and Politeness Strategy | 第41-47页 |
| ·Social Function of Frequently Used Hedges | 第47-48页 |
| ·Self-Protection of Frequently Used Hedges | 第48-49页 |
| ·Realization of Pragmatic Empathy by Using Euphemisms | 第49-55页 |
| ·Pragmatic Empathy of Frequently Used Euphemisms | 第50-52页 |
| ·Frequently Used Euphemisms and Politeness | 第52-54页 |
| ·Self-Protection of Frequently Used Euphemisms | 第54-55页 |
| ·General Function of Pragmatic Empathy in American Presidential Speeches | 第55-57页 |
| Chapter Six Conclusion | 第57-60页 |
| ·Summary of the Research | 第57页 |
| ·Major Findings | 第57-58页 |
| ·Limitations and Implications | 第58-60页 |
| Bibliography | 第60-64页 |
| Appendix | 第64-68页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第68页 |
