| ABSTRACT | 第1-15页 |
| 摘要 | 第15-17页 |
| CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION | 第17-21页 |
| ·RESEARCH BACKGROUND | 第17-18页 |
| ·PURPOSE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY | 第18-19页 |
| ·THE SCOPE OF THE PRESENT STUDY | 第19-21页 |
| CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW | 第21-32页 |
| ·CONTRASTIVE STUDIES OF ENGLISH AND CHINESE PASSIVES | 第21-23页 |
| ·THE STUDY OF GRAMMATICALIZATION | 第23-27页 |
| ·EARLIER STUDIES CONCERNING THE GRAMMATICALIZATION OF ENGLISH PASSIVES | 第27-29页 |
| ·EARLIER STUDIES CONCERNING THE GRAMMATICALIZATION OF CHINESE PASSIVES | 第29-30页 |
| ·SUMMARY | 第30-32页 |
| CHAPTER 3 GRAMMATICALIZATION AS A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK | 第32-49页 |
| ·GRAMMATICALIZATION REDEFINED | 第32-33页 |
| ·MOTIVATIONS OF GRAMMATICALIZATION | 第33-37页 |
| ·Grammatical Motivation | 第34页 |
| ·Rhetorical Motivation | 第34-35页 |
| ·Pragmatic Motivation | 第35-36页 |
| ·Influence from the Outside | 第36页 |
| ·Cognitive Motivation | 第36-37页 |
| ·MECHANISMS OF GRAMMATICALIZATION | 第37-42页 |
| ·Reanalysis | 第38-39页 |
| ·Analogy | 第39-40页 |
| ·Metaphor | 第40页 |
| ·Metonymy | 第40-41页 |
| ·Subjectification | 第41-42页 |
| ·PRINCIPLES OF GRAMMATICALIZATION | 第42-45页 |
| ·Layering | 第42-43页 |
| ·Divergence | 第43页 |
| ·Specialization | 第43页 |
| ·Persistence | 第43页 |
| ·Decategorization | 第43-44页 |
| ·Delaying | 第44页 |
| ·Frequency | 第44页 |
| ·Graduality | 第44-45页 |
| ·CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAMMATICALIZATION | 第45-46页 |
| ·Diachronic and Synchronic | 第45页 |
| ·Ordered and Unidirectional | 第45-46页 |
| ·THE DEGREE OF GRAMMATICALIZATION | 第46-47页 |
| ·RESEARCH METHODS AND SOURCES USED IN THE PRESENT STUDY | 第47-49页 |
| CHAPTER 4 GRAMMATICALIZATION OF ENGLISH SYNTACTIC PASSIVES | 第49-66页 |
| ·ENGLISH SYNTACTIC PASSIVES DEFINED | 第49-50页 |
| ·THE DISSECTION OF THE HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE | 第50-51页 |
| ·THE DIACHRONIC CHANGES OF ENGLISH SYNTACTIC PASSIVES | 第51-61页 |
| ·“Be”Passives | 第52-61页 |
| ·“Get”Passives | 第61页 |
| ·MOTIVATIONS OF ENGLISH SYNTACTIC PASSIVES | 第61-64页 |
| ·Grammatical Motivation | 第61-62页 |
| ·Pragmatic Motivation | 第62-63页 |
| ·Cognitive Motivation | 第63页 |
| ·Language Contact | 第63-64页 |
| ·MECHANISMS OF GRAMMATICALIZATION OF ENGLISH SYNTACTIC PASSIVES | 第64页 |
| ·SUMMARY | 第64-66页 |
| CHAPTER 5 GRAMMATICALIZATION OF CHINESE SYNTACTIC PASSIVES | 第66-86页 |
| ·CHINESE SYNTACTIC PASSIVES DEFINED | 第66-67页 |
| ·THE DISSECTION OF THE HISTORY OF THE CHINESE LANGUAGE | 第67-69页 |
| ·THE GRAMMATICALIZATION OF CHINESE SYNTACTIC PASSIVES WITH “BEI” | 第69-83页 |
| ·The Prototype of Chinese Passives | 第69-70页 |
| ·Chinese Syntactic Passive Markers | 第70-71页 |
| ·Grammaticalization of Chinese Passives with “Bei” | 第71-74页 |
| ·Diachronic Changes in Form | 第74-76页 |
| ·Semantic Consideration | 第76-79页 |
| ·Pragmatic Consideration | 第79页 |
| ·Motivations of Chinese Syntactic Passives with “Bei” | 第79-81页 |
| ·Mechanisms of Chinese Syntactic Passives with “Bei” | 第81-83页 |
| ·THE GRAMMATICALIZATION OF “JIAO1”, “JIAO2”, “RANG”AND “GEI” | 第83-85页 |
| ·The Grammaticalization of “Jiao1”and “Jiao2” | 第83页 |
| ·The Grammaticalization of “Rang” | 第83-84页 |
| ·The Grammaticalization of “Gei” | 第84页 |
| ·Discussion | 第84-85页 |
| ·SUMMARY | 第85-86页 |
| CHAPTER 6 CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS | 第86-98页 |
| ·SIMILARITIES | 第86-89页 |
| ·The Same Prototype | 第86页 |
| ·The Same Cognitive Model | 第86-87页 |
| ·Common Principles of Grammaticalization | 第87页 |
| ·Common Motivations | 第87-88页 |
| ·Shared Mechanisms | 第88-89页 |
| ·DIFFERENCES | 第89-91页 |
| ·Different Pathways | 第89页 |
| ·Different Motivations | 第89-90页 |
| ·Different Mechanisms | 第90页 |
| ·Different Degrees of Grammaticalization | 第90-91页 |
| ·Covert vs. Overt Grammaticalization | 第91页 |
| ·A SYNCHRONIC PERSPECTIVE | 第91-96页 |
| ·CAUSES OF THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES | 第96页 |
| ·SUMMARY | 第96-98页 |
| CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION | 第98-103页 |
| ·SUMMARY | 第98-99页 |
| ·PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE PRESENT STUDY | 第99-100页 |
| ·LIMITATIONS OF THE PRESENT STUDY | 第100-101页 |
| ·SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE STUDIES | 第101-103页 |
| BIBLIOGRAPHY | 第103-110页 |
| APPENDIX 1 | 第110-111页 |
| APPENDIX 2 | 第111-112页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第112-113页 |
| 攻读学位期间论文发表的目录 | 第113页 |
