| Acknowledgements | 第1-5页 |
| Abstract in English | 第5-6页 |
| Abstract in Chinese | 第6-10页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第10-15页 |
| ·Aim of the Thesis | 第10-11页 |
| ·Structure of the Thesis | 第11-12页 |
| ·Communication and Pragmatic Failure | 第12-15页 |
| ·Communication Defined | 第12-13页 |
| ·Pragmatic Failure in Communication | 第13-15页 |
| Chapter 2 A Review of Literature | 第15-25页 |
| ·Definitions and Classification of Pragmatic Failure | 第15-19页 |
| ·Definitions of Pragmatic Failure and Their Limitations | 第15-17页 |
| ·Definitions | 第15-16页 |
| ·Limitations | 第16-17页 |
| ·Classification of Pragmatic Failure | 第17-19页 |
| ·Previous Studies on Pragmatic Failure | 第19-23页 |
| ·Cross-cultural Account | 第19-22页 |
| ·Accounts of Pragmatic Failure from Other Research Areas | 第22-23页 |
| ·Inadequacy of Previous Studies | 第23页 |
| ·Summary | 第23-25页 |
| Chapter 3 Theory of Adaptation | 第25-31页 |
| ·A New Perspective on Linguistic Pragmatics | 第25-26页 |
| ·Key Notions of Adaptation Theory | 第26-29页 |
| ·Making Linguistic Choices | 第26-27页 |
| ·Variability, Negotiability and Adaptability | 第27页 |
| ·Four Angles of Pragmatic Study | 第27-29页 |
| ·Adaptation Theory as a Theoretical Framework for Pragmatic Analysis | 第29-30页 |
| ·Summary | 第30-31页 |
| Chapter 4 Pragmatic Failure Viewed from the Perspective of Adaptation | 第31-48页 |
| ·Proposed Definition of Pragmatic Failure in This Thesis | 第31-32页 |
| ·Accounts of Pragmatic Failure from the Perspective of Adaptation Theory | 第32-47页 |
| ·Neglect of Adaptation to Interpreters | 第32-35页 |
| ·Neglect of Adaptation to Physical World | 第35-36页 |
| ·Neglect of Adaptation to Social World | 第36-42页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Addressee’s Social Position | 第37页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Language User’s Gender | 第37-38页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Social Relationship with the Interpreter | 第38-39页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Interpreter’s Level of Education | 第39-40页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to Cultural Conventions | 第40-42页 |
| ·Neglect of Adaptation to Mental World | 第42-47页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Interpreter’s Personality | 第42-43页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Interpreter’s Emotion | 第43-44页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Interpreter’s Values and beliefs | 第44-46页 |
| ·Failure to Make Adaptation to the Utterer’s Motivation | 第46-47页 |
| ·Summary | 第47-48页 |
| Chapter 5 Implications for Foreign Language Teaching | 第48-59页 |
| ·Importance of Developing Students’Pragmatic Competence | 第48-49页 |
| ·Ways of Developing Students’ Pragmatic Competence in Foreign Language Teaching | 第49-58页 |
| ·Enhancing Students’ Awareness of Pragmatics | 第50-52页 |
| ·Integrating Cultural Components into Foreign Language Teaching | 第52-58页 |
| ·Integrating Culture into the Teaching of Listening | 第53-54页 |
| ·Integrating Culture into the Teaching of Speaking | 第54页 |
| ·Integrating Culture into the Teaching of Reading | 第54-55页 |
| ·Integrating Culture into the Teaching of Writing | 第55-58页 |
| ·Summary | 第58-59页 |
| Chapter 6 Conclusion | 第59-61页 |
| Bibliography | 第61-63页 |
