| Acknowledgements | 第1-8页 |
| Abstract | 第8-10页 |
| 内容摘要 | 第10-12页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第12-16页 |
| ·Research Background and Objective | 第12-14页 |
| ·Significance of the Research | 第14页 |
| ·Organization of the Thesis | 第14-16页 |
| Chapter Two Literature Review | 第16-26页 |
| ·Backward Transfer | 第16-23页 |
| ·A Historical Overview of Backward Transfer | 第16-20页 |
| ·Definition and Classification of Backward Transfer | 第20-23页 |
| ·Relevant Definitions of Backward Transfer | 第20-22页 |
| ·Classification of Backward Transfer | 第22-23页 |
| ·Relevant Studies on Passive Voice in Language Transfer | 第23-26页 |
| Chapter Three Theoretical Basis | 第26-42页 |
| ·Multi-competence Theory | 第26-29页 |
| ·Passive Voice | 第29-40页 |
| ·A Cognitive Definition of Passive Voice | 第29-30页 |
| ·Prototypical Passive Voice in English and Chinese | 第30-32页 |
| ·Non-prototypical Passive Voice in English and Chinese | 第32-33页 |
| ·Contrastive Analysis of the English and Chinese Passive Structures | 第33-36页 |
| ·Translation of English and Chinese Passives | 第36-40页 |
| ·Translating English Passives into Chinese | 第36-39页 |
| ·Translating Chinese Passives into English | 第39-40页 |
| ·Research Questions and Hypotheses | 第40-42页 |
| Chapter Four Methodology | 第42-46页 |
| ·Subjects | 第42-43页 |
| ·Materials | 第43-44页 |
| ·Procedure and Data Collection | 第44-46页 |
| Chapter Five Results and Discussions | 第46-55页 |
| ·The Relation between Backward Transfer and L2 English Proficiency | 第48-51页 |
| ·The Chinese STT | 第49-51页 |
| ·The Chinese DT | 第51页 |
| ·The Relation between Backward Transfer and L1 Chinese Proficiency | 第51-55页 |
| ·The Chinese STT | 第52页 |
| ·The Chinese DT | 第52-55页 |
| Chapter Six Conclusions | 第55-61页 |
| ·Major Findings | 第55-57页 |
| ·Implications | 第57-59页 |
| ·Theoretical Implication | 第57-58页 |
| ·Methodological Implication | 第58-59页 |
| ·Pedagogical Implication | 第59页 |
| ·Limitations and Future Research | 第59-61页 |
| References | 第61-67页 |
| Appendix A | 第67-68页 |
| Appendix B | 第68-69页 |
| Appendix C | 第69页 |
