| 摘要 | 第1-6页 |
| Abstract | 第6-12页 |
| Introduction | 第12-16页 |
| Chapter One Literature Review | 第16-30页 |
| ·Research Review | 第16-23页 |
| ·Research on Factors Affecting Listening Comprehension | 第16-18页 |
| ·Research on Listening Strategies | 第18-22页 |
| ·Research on Language Strategies | 第18-19页 |
| ·Studies of Listening Strategies abroad | 第19-21页 |
| ·Studies of Listening Strategies in China | 第21-22页 |
| ·Comments | 第22-23页 |
| ·Theoretical Framework | 第23-30页 |
| ·Listening Comprehension Process | 第23-27页 |
| ·The Bottom-up Process | 第24-25页 |
| ·The Top-down Process | 第25-26页 |
| ·The Interactive Process | 第26-27页 |
| ·Relationship between Input and Output in SLA | 第27-30页 |
| ·Krashen's Input Hypothesis | 第27-28页 |
| ·Swain's Comprehensible Output Hypothesis | 第28页 |
| ·The Relationship between Input and Output | 第28-30页 |
| Chapter Two A Survey and Results | 第30-40页 |
| ·Research Design | 第30-34页 |
| ·Research Purposes | 第30页 |
| ·Subjects | 第30-32页 |
| ·Instruments | 第32-33页 |
| ·Data Collection | 第33页 |
| ·Data Analysis | 第33-34页 |
| ·Results | 第34-39页 |
| ·The Present Situation of Listening Teaching and Learning in HVC | 第34-35页 |
| ·Factors Affecting Listening Comprehension | 第35-39页 |
| ·Listening Materials | 第36-37页 |
| ·The Frequency of the Use of Listening Strategies | 第37-39页 |
| ·Summary | 第39-40页 |
| Chapter Three Higher Vocational College Students' Problems in Listening | 第40-48页 |
| ·Problems in Listening Materials | 第40-41页 |
| ·Linguistic Problems | 第41-43页 |
| ·Problems in Listening Teaching Processes | 第43-47页 |
| ·Ignorance of Introducing Background Knowledge | 第43-44页 |
| ·Inadequate Creation of Practice Opportunities | 第44-46页 |
| ·Lack of Systematic Listening Strategy Training | 第46-47页 |
| ·Summary | 第47-48页 |
| Chapter Four Countermeasures against the Problems in Listening | 第48-74页 |
| ·Countermeasures against the Problems in Listening Materials | 第48-53页 |
| ·Using Interesting and Contemporary Materials | 第48-49页 |
| ·Using Listening Materials relevant to Students' Majors | 第49-50页 |
| ·Using Authentic Materials | 第50-52页 |
| ·Using Moderate Materials | 第52-53页 |
| ·Countermeasures against Linguistic Problems | 第53-62页 |
| ·Paying More Attention to Some Phonetic Problems | 第53-59页 |
| ·More Emphasis on Aspects of Connected Speech | 第53-56页 |
| ·More Emphasis on Prosodic Features | 第56-59页 |
| ·Using the Contextual Clues to Guess the Meaning of New Words | 第59-60页 |
| ·Analyzing and Understanding the Difficult Sentence Structures in Discourse | 第60-62页 |
| ·Long Sentences | 第60-61页 |
| ·Idiomatic Expressions | 第61-62页 |
| ·Countermeasures against Listening Teaching Processes | 第62-72页 |
| ·Introducing and Activating Background Knowledge | 第63-67页 |
| ·Questioning | 第64-65页 |
| ·Semantic Map | 第65-66页 |
| ·Previewing | 第66-67页 |
| ·Developing the Skill of Using the Organizing Function of Lexical Phrases | 第67-72页 |
| ·Developing the Skill of Using Macro-organizers in Listening Comprehension | 第67-70页 |
| ·Developing the Skill of Using Signal Words in Listening Comprehension | 第70-72页 |
| ·Summary | 第72-74页 |
| Chapter Five Interactive Listening Model | 第74-86页 |
| ·Pre-listening Stage: | 第74-77页 |
| ·Attracting and Motivating Students | 第74-75页 |
| ·Activating Students' Previously Acquired Knowledge Relevant to Text | 第75页 |
| ·Providing Listeners with Necessary Knowledge Accumulation by Means of Reading | 第75-77页 |
| ·While-listening Stage: | 第77-81页 |
| ·Listening for General Gist by Identifying the Function of Lexical Phrases | 第77-79页 |
| ·Listening Selectively to Detect Linguistic Details | 第79-81页 |
| ·Post-listening Stage: | 第81-85页 |
| ·Speaking Activities after Listening | 第81-84页 |
| ·Writing Activities after Listening | 第84-85页 |
| ·Summary | 第85-86页 |
| Conclusion | 第86-89页 |
| Bibliography | 第89-93页 |
| Appendixes | 第93-99页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第99-100页 |
| 原创性声明 | 第100页 |
| 湖南师范大学学位论文版权使用授权书 | 第100页 |
