| 摘要 | 第1-5页 |
| Abstract | 第5-7页 |
| Acknowledegements | 第7-12页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第12-15页 |
| ·Background of the study | 第12-13页 |
| ·Significance of the Present Study | 第13-14页 |
| ·Layout of the Thesis | 第14-15页 |
| Chapter Two Literature Review | 第15-44页 |
| ·Key concepts | 第15-17页 |
| ·Negotiation | 第15-16页 |
| ·Conversation | 第16-17页 |
| ·Conversational ability | 第17页 |
| ·Negotiated interaction | 第17-37页 |
| ·Negotiation types | 第18-29页 |
| ·Negotiation of meaning(NOM) | 第19-23页 |
| ·Negotiation of form (NOF) | 第23-26页 |
| ·Negotiation of content (NOC) | 第26-29页 |
| ·Negotiation devices | 第29-37页 |
| ·Acts to initiate negotiation | 第29-33页 |
| ·Different viewpoints on negotiation devices | 第33-37页 |
| ·Effects of negotiated interaction on SLA | 第37-42页 |
| ·Negotiation as a facilitator to L2 comprehension | 第37-39页 |
| ·Negotiation as a facilitator to modify output | 第39-40页 |
| ·Negotiation as a scaffolding to SLA | 第40-42页 |
| ·Summary | 第42-44页 |
| Chapter Three Methodology | 第44-53页 |
| ·Research Questions | 第44页 |
| ·Subjects | 第44-45页 |
| ·Instruments | 第45页 |
| ·Treatment | 第45-49页 |
| ·Application of negotiation types | 第45-47页 |
| ·Application of negotiation devices | 第47-49页 |
| ·Procedures | 第49-50页 |
| ·Data Collection and Analysis | 第50-53页 |
| ·Data Collection | 第50页 |
| ·Data Analysis | 第50-53页 |
| ·Classification of three negotiation types | 第50-51页 |
| ·Identifying negotiation devices | 第51页 |
| ·Evaluating students.' immediate output | 第51页 |
| ·Analyzing the changes of learners.' conversational ability | 第51-53页 |
| Chapter Four Results and Discussion | 第53-63页 |
| ·Introduction | 第53页 |
| ·A general picture of negotiation in College English major EFL classroom | 第53-56页 |
| ·Frequency distribution of three negotiation types | 第53-54页 |
| ·Frequency distribution of negotiation devices | 第54-56页 |
| ·Effectiveness of negotiation on learners.' immediate output | 第56-61页 |
| ·Effect of different negotiation types on students.' immediate output | 第57-59页 |
| ·Effect of different negotiation devices on students.' immediate output | 第59-61页 |
| ·Long-term effect on leaners.' conversational ability of negotiation | 第61-63页 |
| Chapter Five Conclusion | 第63-66页 |
| ·Major findings | 第63-64页 |
| ·Pedagogical implications | 第64-65页 |
| ·Limitations of the present study and suggestions for future research | 第65-66页 |
| References | 第66-72页 |
| Appendix A Assessment scale for spoken English | 第72-74页 |
| Appendix B | 第74-75页 |
| Appendix C | 第75页 |
