| Chapter1 Introduction | 第1-11页 |
| 1．1 The Motivation for the Study of Hedging Strategy | 第8-10页 |
| 1．2 Framework of the Paper | 第10-11页 |
| Chapter2 Underlying Rationales and Literature review | 第11-26页 |
| 2．1 Pragmatics | 第11-16页 |
| 2．1．1 Face-Saving and Politeness | 第12-14页 |
| 2．1．2 Pragmatic Devices and Pragmatic Markers | 第14-16页 |
| 2．2 Survey of Previous Studies of Hedges | 第16-19页 |
| 2．2．2 The Classification of Hedges | 第17-19页 |
| 2．3 Study on Hedging | 第19-26页 |
| 2．3．1 Hedging and Modality | 第20-21页 |
| 2．3．2 Hedging and Impersonalization | 第21-23页 |
| 2．3．3 Functions and Strategies of Hedging | 第23-26页 |
| Chapter3 Methodology | 第26-32页 |
| 3．1 Survey of the Lakoff Model | 第26-27页 |
| 3．2 Survey of Recent Approaches to Hedging Studies | 第27-29页 |
| 3．3 The Model of this Paper | 第29-32页 |
| Chapter4 Qualitative Study of Hedging in Spoken Discourse | 第32-50页 |
| 4．1 Why Do People Hedge in Speaking? | 第32-33页 |
| 4．2 Context and its Role in Utterance Interpretation | 第33-35页 |
| 4．3 Effects of Context on Hedged Utterances | 第35-50页 |
| 4．3．1 Hedging and Non-verbal Action of the Participants | 第36-38页 |
| 4．3．2 Hedging and Social Factors | 第38-43页 |
| 4．3．2．1 Hedging and Women's Language | 第38-40页 |
| 4．3．2．2 Hedging and Social Identity | 第40-43页 |
| 4．3．3 The Effects of Hedged Utterances | 第43-50页 |
| 4．3．3．1 Attitudes and Intentions | 第44-47页 |
| 4．3．3．2 Beliefs and Intentions | 第47-50页 |
| Chapter5 Quantitative Study of Hedging in Written Discourse | 第50-65页 |
| 5．1 Why Do People Hedge in Writing? | 第50-51页 |
| 5．2 Method | 第51-53页 |
| 5．2．1 Corpus Description | 第51-52页 |
| 5．2．2 Counting Procedures | 第52-53页 |
| 5．3 Results and Analyses | 第53-65页 |
| 5．3．1 Comparison of Different Genres | 第53-61页 |
| 5．3．1．1 Frequency of Hedges in Four Text Types | 第53-54页 |
| 5．3．1．2 Devices of Hedging in Four Text Types | 第54-61页 |
| 5．3．2 Comparison of the Same Text Genre | 第61-65页 |
| Chapter6 Conclusion and Implication | 第65-72页 |
| 6．1 Summary and Interpretation of the Present Study | 第65-67页 |
| 6．2 Implications | 第67-72页 |
| 6．2．1 Hedging and Non-native Speakers | 第67-68页 |
| 6．2．2 Pedagogical Implications for ESL Writing in China | 第68-72页 |
| Bibliography | 第72-76页 |
| AppendixⅠ | 第76-77页 |
| AppendixⅡ | 第77-78页 |
| AppendixⅢ | 第78页 |
