| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第1-9页 |
| 摘要 | 第9-11页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第11-14页 |
| CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION | 第14-20页 |
| ·CHINESE AND ENGLISH EXISTENTIAL SENTENCES | 第14-15页 |
| ·About there | 第14-15页 |
| ·Figure and Ground | 第15页 |
| ·LITERATURE REVIEW | 第15-18页 |
| ·APPROACHES ADOPTED IN THIS DISSERTATION | 第18页 |
| ·ORGANIZATION OF THIS DISSERTATION | 第18-20页 |
| CHAPTER TWO CHINESE EXISTENTIAL SENTENCES | 第20-30页 |
| ·DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION | 第20-23页 |
| ·Definition | 第20页 |
| ·Classification | 第20-22页 |
| ·Nonequivalent to you(有)Sentences | 第22页 |
| ·About Existential Construction | 第22-23页 |
| ·CONSTRUCTION AND SYNTACTIC MARKS | 第23-24页 |
| ·The Location of Locative Phrase | 第23-24页 |
| ·The Sequence of Ground and Figure | 第24页 |
| ·VERBS USED IN CHINESE ESs | 第24-25页 |
| ·SYNTACTIC RESTRICTIONS | 第25-26页 |
| ·Indefiniteness of Noun Phrase | 第25页 |
| ·Explanations from the Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics | 第25-26页 |
| ·Intransitive Usage of Verbs | 第26页 |
| ·ATTRIBUTIVE-HEAD PREDICATE ESs | 第26-27页 |
| ·EUROPEANIZED ESs | 第27页 |
| ·SEMANTIC RESTRICTIONS | 第27-28页 |
| ·FUNCTIONS OF EXISTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION IN ESs | 第28-30页 |
| CHAPTER THREE ENGLISH EXISTENTIAL SENTENCES | 第30-44页 |
| ·DEFINITION AND CLASSIFICATION | 第30-34页 |
| ·Definition | 第30-31页 |
| ·R.Quirk’s Classification | 第31-33页 |
| ·Summary | 第33-34页 |
| ·THE STUDY OF THERE | 第34-37页 |
| ·Explanations in Dictionary | 第34页 |
| ·Differences between the Existential there and the Locative there | 第34-35页 |
| ·The Status of Existential there as Subject | 第35页 |
| ·Reason of Existence of Existential there | 第35-36页 |
| ·The Existential there without Locative Meaning | 第36-37页 |
| ·FUNCTIONS OF THERE IN ESs | 第37-38页 |
| ·Syntactic Function | 第37页 |
| ·Speech Function | 第37页 |
| ·Semantic Prompt Function | 第37-38页 |
| ·VERBS USED IN ENGLISH ESs | 第38-40页 |
| ·Three Kinds of Verbs | 第38-39页 |
| ·The Intransitivity of Verbs | 第39页 |
| ·Cognitive Explanation for the Intransitivity of Verbs | 第39-40页 |
| ·SYNTACTIC RESTRICTIONS | 第40-42页 |
| ·Indefiniteness of Noun Phrase | 第40页 |
| ·Explanations from the Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics | 第40-41页 |
| ·Some Exceptions | 第41-42页 |
| ·TENSE RESTRICTIONS | 第42页 |
| ·SEMANTIC RESTRICTIONS | 第42页 |
| ·FUNCTIONS OF EXISTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION IN ESs | 第42-44页 |
| CHAPTER FOUR COMMONNESS OF CHINESE AND ENGLISH EXISTENTIAL SENTENCES | 第44-48页 |
| ·THE SAME INFORMATION STRUCTURE | 第44页 |
| ·THE SAME SEQUENCE OF VERBS AND NPs | 第44-45页 |
| ·THE SAME SEMANTIC FUNCTION | 第45页 |
| ·THE SAME SPEECH FUNCTION | 第45-48页 |
| ·As Topic Sentence of a Text | 第45-46页 |
| ·Introducing New Information into Context | 第46-47页 |
| ·Showing the Objectiveness of the Mentioned Things in Discourse | 第47-48页 |
| CHAPTER FIVE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHINESE AND ENGLISH EXISTENTIAL SENTENCES | 第48-76页 |
| ·SIX DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHINESE AND ENGLISH ESs | 第48-51页 |
| ·FIGURE,GROUND AND ICONICITY | 第51-61页 |
| ·Figure and Ground | 第51-56页 |
| ·Iconicity of Languages | 第56页 |
| ·History of Dispute on Arbitrariness of Languages | 第56-58页 |
| ·A Cognitive Linguistic View of Iconicity | 第58-60页 |
| ·Shen & Liu’s Research on the Sequence of Figure and Ground | 第60-61页 |
| ·A CONTRASTIVE STUDY | 第61-73页 |
| ·A CASE STUDY | 第73-76页 |
| CHAPTER SIX CONCLUSION | 第76-78页 |
| BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES | 第78-80页 |
