| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第6-7页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第7页 |
| 摘要 | 第8-12页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第12-16页 |
| 1.1 Research Background | 第12-14页 |
| 1.2 Research Aims and Significances | 第14-15页 |
| 1.3 Structure of this Thesis | 第15-16页 |
| Chapter 2 Literature Review | 第16-25页 |
| 2.1 Previous Studies on Media Diplomacy | 第16-20页 |
| 2.1.1 The communicative approach | 第16-18页 |
| 2.1.2 The diplomatic approach | 第18-19页 |
| 2.1.3 The linguistic approach | 第19页 |
| 2.1.4 Summary | 第19-20页 |
| 2.2 Previous Studies on Argument by Appeal to Pity | 第20-25页 |
| 2.2.1 Definition of argument by appeal to pity | 第20-22页 |
| 2.2.2 Studies on argument by appeal to pity | 第22-24页 |
| 2.2.3 Summary | 第24-25页 |
| Chapter 3 Research Design | 第25-39页 |
| 3.1 Theoretical Considerations | 第25-36页 |
| 3.1.1 Pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation | 第25-31页 |
| 3.1.2 Argument by appeal to pity as a mode of strategic maneuvering | 第31-34页 |
| 3.1.3 Subtypes of argument by appeal to pity | 第34-36页 |
| 3.2 Research Questions | 第36页 |
| 3.3 Data Collection | 第36-37页 |
| 3.4 Research Methods | 第37-39页 |
| 3.4.1 Reconstructing argumentative discourse | 第37-38页 |
| 3.4.2 Analyzing the strategic maneuvering by appeal to pity | 第38-39页 |
| Chapter 4 Research Results and Discussion | 第39-68页 |
| 4.1 Daily Press Briefings of the U.S. Department of State as a Communicative Activity Type | 第39-43页 |
| 4.1.1 General features of daily press briefings of the U.S. Department of State | 第39-41页 |
| 4.1.2 Institutional point of daily press briefings of the U.S. Department of State | 第41页 |
| 4.1.3 Institutional preconditions at the daily press briefings of the U.S. Department of State | 第41-43页 |
| 4.2 Appeal to Pity in Spokespersons’ Replies at Daily Press Briefings | 第43-60页 |
| 4.2.1 Appeal to pity caused by physical suffering | 第44-52页 |
| 4.2.2 Appeal to pity caused by mental suffering | 第52-58页 |
| 4.2.3 Functions of appeal to pity in Spokespersons replies at daily press briefings of the U.S. Department of State | 第58-60页 |
| 4.3 Strategic Maneuvering by Appeal to Pity in Making a Convincing Case | 第60-68页 |
| 4.3.1 Strategic maneuvering in the construction of “size” | 第63-66页 |
| 4.3.2 Strategic maneuvering on the construction of “non-desert” | 第66-67页 |
| 4.3.3 Strategic maneuvering on the construction of “eudaimonistic judgment” | 第67-68页 |
| Chapter 5 Conclusion | 第68-72页 |
| 5.1 Major Findings | 第68-70页 |
| 5.2 Implications | 第70页 |
| 5.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research | 第70-72页 |
| REFERENCES | 第72-78页 |
| APPENDIX | 第78页 |
