| 摘要 | 第1-6页 |
| Abstract | 第6-10页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第10-15页 |
| ·Subject of the Study | 第10页 |
| ·The Relationship between Language Testing and Language Teaching and Learning | 第10-12页 |
| ·Tests as Information Provider for Language Teaching and Learning | 第11页 |
| ·Backwash of Tests on Language Teaching and Learning | 第11-12页 |
| ·Language Teaching as Information Provider for Tests | 第12页 |
| ·Purpose and Significance of the Study | 第12-14页 |
| ·Organization of the Thesis | 第14-15页 |
| Chapter 2 Literature Review | 第15-27页 |
| ·Studies on Language Testing | 第15-19页 |
| ·Foreign Studies on Language Testing | 第15-17页 |
| ·Development Process of Language Testing | 第17页 |
| ·Classification of Language Testing | 第17-18页 |
| ·Pragmatic Functions of Language Testing | 第18-19页 |
| ·Studies on Test Validity | 第19-27页 |
| ·Definition | 第19-20页 |
| ·Significance | 第20页 |
| ·Classification | 第20-25页 |
| ·Threats to Test Validity | 第25-27页 |
| Chapter 3 Achievement Tests | 第27-31页 |
| ·Definition | 第27页 |
| ·Classification | 第27-28页 |
| ·Pragmatic Functions | 第28-29页 |
| ·Case Study | 第29-31页 |
| ·Face Validity | 第29-30页 |
| ·Content Validity | 第30-31页 |
| Chapter 4 Research Design | 第31-38页 |
| ·Purpose of the Research | 第31页 |
| ·Goal and Expected Conclusion | 第31页 |
| ·Designing Questionnaire Items | 第31-32页 |
| ·Participants in the Questionnaire | 第32页 |
| ·Data Analysis of the Research Results | 第32-36页 |
| ·Possible Causes of the Problems | 第36-38页 |
| Chapter 5 Enlightening of External Examiner System | 第38-47页 |
| ·Introduction | 第38页 |
| ·Roles and Responsibilities of External Examiners | 第38-45页 |
| ·Approval of Draft Examination Papers | 第38-39页 |
| ·Assessment of Examination Scripts, Projects and Other Assessed Work | 第39-41页 |
| ·Viva Voce Examinations | 第41页 |
| ·Role as member of Board of Examiners | 第41-42页 |
| ·Comments and Advice to Schools | 第42-43页 |
| ·External Examiners'Reports | 第43-45页 |
| ·Enlightening of External Examiner System | 第45-47页 |
| Chapter 6 Conclusion | 第47-49页 |
| ·Summary of the Study | 第47-48页 |
| ·Contributions | 第48页 |
| ·Limitations of the Study | 第48-49页 |
| Bibliography | 第49-52页 |
| Appendix | 第52-57页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第57-58页 |
