| Chapter 1: Introduction | 第1-22页 |
| 1．0 Preliminaries | 第13-22页 |
| 1．1 The Concept of Focus | 第15-16页 |
| 1．2 Theoretical Assumptions | 第16-20页 |
| 1．2．1 General Concepts in Government and Binding Theory | 第16-19页 |
| 1．2．2 Alternative Semantics | 第19-20页 |
| 1．3 Outline of the Thesis | 第20-22页 |
| Chapter 2: Delimitation of Clefts and Pseudo-clefts in Mandarin Chinese | 第22-33页 |
| 2．0 Introduction | 第22-23页 |
| 2．1 Previous Discussions of Clefts and Pseudo-clefts in Chinese | 第23-27页 |
| 2．1．1 Teng （1979） | 第23-25页 |
| 2．1．2 Tang （1983） | 第25-27页 |
| 2．2 What Constitutes Cleft and Pseudo-cleft Sentences in Chinese? | 第27-33页 |
| 2．2．1 Sentence Forms of the Cleft Construction | 第28-29页 |
| 2．2．2 Sentence Forms of the Pseudo-Cleft Construction | 第29-33页 |
| Chapter 3: The Status of ”Shi” | 第33-50页 |
| 3．0 Introduction | 第33-34页 |
| 3．1 The Analysis of ”Shi” as a Verb | 第34-40页 |
| 3．1．1 Hashimoto's Analysis | 第35-36页 |
| 3．1．2 Cheng's ”Shi-predication” | 第36-39页 |
| 3．1．3 Huang （1989） | 第39-40页 |
| 3．2 Alternatives to Verb ”Shi” Analysis | 第40-43页 |
| 3．2．1 ”Shi” as a Focus Marker | 第40-41页 |
| 3．2．2 Huang （1982） | 第41-43页 |
| 3．3 ”Shi” as a Focus-sensitive Operator | 第43-50页 |
| 3．3．1 Properties of”Shi” in Clefts and Pseudo-clefts | 第43-45页 |
| 3．3．2 ”Shi” as a Focus-sensitive Operator | 第45-48页 |
| 3．3．3 Operator-floating vs． Presupposition Floating | 第48-50页 |
| Chapter 4: Constraints on the Focusing of Clefts and Pseudo-clefts | 第50-72页 |
| 4．0 Introduction | 第50页 |
| 4．1 Constraints on Cleft Sentences | 第50-63页 |
| 4．1．1 Constraints on Focused Subjects | 第50-52页 |
| 4．1．2 Adverbial Modifiers | 第52-55页 |
| 4．1．3 Predicates | 第55-63页 |
| 4．2 Constraints on Pseudo-cleft Sentences | 第63-72页 |
| 4．2．1 Constraints on Subjects and Objects: | 第64-67页 |
| 4．2．2 Constraints on Predicates: | 第67-72页 |
| Chapter 5: Semantic Interpretations of Clefts and Pseudo-clefts | 第72-90页 |
| 5．0 Introduction | 第72页 |
| 5．1 Relevant Focus Interpretation Theories | 第72-77页 |
| 5．1．1 Focus Movement Theory | 第72-73页 |
| 5．1．2 Structured Meaning Approach | 第73-74页 |
| 5．1．3 Alternative Meaning Semantics | 第74-77页 |
| 5．2 Related Issues of Semantic Interpretation of Clefts and Pseudo-clefts | 第77-83页 |
| 5．2．1 Presupposition Problems in Clefts and Pseudo-clefts | 第77-79页 |
| 5．2．2 Scalar Implication in Clefts and Pseudo-clefts | 第79-81页 |
| 5．2．3 Multiple Foci Problems in Clefts and Pseudo-clefts | 第81-83页 |
| 5．3 Logical Representations of Clefts and Pseudo-clefts | 第83-90页 |
| 5．3．1 Clefts and Pseudo-clefts with Focused Subjects | 第83-85页 |
| 5．3．2 Clefts and Pseudo-clefts with Focused Objects | 第85-86页 |
| 5．3．3 Clefts and Pseudo-clefts with Focused Predicates | 第86-87页 |
| 5．3．4 Clefts and Pseudo-clefts with Focused Adverbial Phrases | 第87-89页 |
| 5．3．5 Semantic Rules of Focus in Clefts and Pseudo-clefts | 第89-90页 |
| Chapter 6: Focus Devices in Clefts and Pseudo-clefts | 第90-106页 |
| 6．0 Introduction | 第90-91页 |
| 6．1 Focus Device in Cleft Sentences | 第91-98页 |
| 6．1．1 The Focus Criterion in Generative Grammar | 第91-92页 |
| 6．1．2 Chiu （1993） | 第92-94页 |
| 6．1．3 In-situ Focus Analysis of Cleft Sentences | 第94-98页 |
| 6．2 Focus Device in Pseudo-cleft Sentences | 第98-103页 |
| 6．2．1 Pseudo-clefts with Focused Subjects | 第99-100页 |
| 6．2．2 Pseudo-clefts with Focused Objects | 第100-101页 |
| 6．2．3 pseudo-clefts with Focused Predicates | 第101-103页 |
| 6．3 In-situ Focus Hypothesis in Chinese | 第103-104页 |
| 6．4 Future Work | 第104-106页 |
| References | 第106-115页 |
