| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第5-6页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第6-7页 |
| 摘要 | 第8-12页 |
| LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS | 第12-13页 |
| CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INTRODUCTION | 第13-17页 |
| 1.1 Research questions | 第13-14页 |
| 1.2 Data sources | 第14-15页 |
| 1.3 Organization of the thesis | 第15-17页 |
| CHAPTER TWO THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS | 第17-27页 |
| 2.1 Semantic Map Model | 第17-21页 |
| 2.1.1 Steps to draw a semantic map | 第18-20页 |
| 2.1.2 The advantages of Semantic Map Model | 第20-21页 |
| 2.2 Grammaticalization | 第21-26页 |
| 2.2.1 Unidirectionality in grammaticalization | 第22-23页 |
| 2.2.2 Degrees of grammaticalization | 第23-26页 |
| 2.3 Semantic Map and grammaticalization | 第26-27页 |
| CHAPTER THREE LITERATURE REVIEW | 第27-44页 |
| 3.1 Previous studies on semantic roles | 第27-28页 |
| 3.2 Definition of semantic roles studied in this paper | 第28-36页 |
| 3.2.1 Beneficiary and recipient | 第28-30页 |
| 3.2.2 Direction | 第30-32页 |
| 3.2.3 Comitative and conjunctive | 第32-33页 |
| 3.2.4 Strong imperative | 第33-35页 |
| 3.2.5 Passive, disposal, source, instrumental, causative, and location | 第35-36页 |
| 3.3 Studies on the interrelations between beneficiary and related semanticrole markers | 第36-41页 |
| 3.4 Previous studies on semantic maps about the beneficiary and itsrelevant roles | 第41-44页 |
| CHAPTER FOUR BENEFICIARY MARKERS AND THEIR SEMANTIC RELEVANCE INHUNAN DIALECTS | 第44-71页 |
| 4.1 General introduction of Hunan dialects | 第44-45页 |
| 4.2 Homonymy or polysemy? | 第45页 |
| 4.3 Beneficiary makers in Hunan dialects | 第45-56页 |
| 4.3.1 Beneficiary makers originating from giving/helping verbs | 第46-51页 |
| 4.3.2 Beneficiary makers originating from comitative markers | 第51-56页 |
| 4.4 Problems to be fixed | 第56-57页 |
| 4.5 Proposed solutions | 第57-71页 |
| 4.5.1 A division of human source and locative source | 第57-62页 |
| 4.5.2 Linking strong imperative and beneficiary | 第62-64页 |
| 4.5.3“BEN +wo (我) + VP” | 第64-71页 |
| CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION | 第71-74页 |
| REFERENCES | 第74-80页 |
