| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第1-10页 |
| TABLES | 第10-11页 |
| FIGURES | 第11-12页 |
| 1 INTRODUCTION | 第12-14页 |
| 2 RESEARCH ON MOTIVATION | 第14-31页 |
| 2．1 Early Psychological Views on Motivation | 第15-18页 |
| 2．1．1 Achievement Motivation | 第16-17页 |
| 2．1．2 Optimal Arousal | 第17-18页 |
| 2．2 A Cognitive View of Motivation | 第18-21页 |
| 2．2．1 Attribution Theory | 第18-19页 |
| 2．2．2 Self-efficacy Theory | 第19页 |
| 2．2．3 Self-worth Theory | 第19-20页 |
| 2．2．4 Other Cognitive Components | 第20-21页 |
| 2．3 A Social Constructivist Perspective of Motivation | 第21-22页 |
| 2．4 Motivation in Foreign and Second Language Learning | 第22-29页 |
| 2．4．1 Integrativeness and Instrumentality | 第23-24页 |
| 2．4．2 Further Components of L2 Motivation | 第24-26页 |
| 2．4．2．1 Intrinsic/Extrinsic Motivation and Related Theories | 第24-26页 |
| 2．4．2．2 Proximal Goal-setting | 第26页 |
| 2．4．3 The L2 Motivation Construct | 第26-29页 |
| 2．5 Toward a Synthesis:Relevance of Motivation to L2 Learning | 第29-31页 |
| 3 METHODOLOGY FOR THE RESEARCH | 第31-42页 |
| 3．1 Variables | 第31-32页 |
| 3．2 The Sample Population | 第32页 |
| 3．2．1 Subjects for Questionnaire | 第32页 |
| 3．2．2 Subjects for Interview | 第32页 |
| 3．3 Procedure | 第32-33页 |
| 3．3．1 The Questionnaire of 54 Close-ended Questions | 第33页 |
| 3．3．2 The interview | 第33页 |
| 3．4 Findings and Discussion | 第33-38页 |
| 3．4．1 Results and Discussion of the Questionnaire | 第34-37页 |
| 3．4．2 Results and Discussion of the Interview | 第37-38页 |
| 3．5 The Interpretation of the Questionnaire and the Interview | 第38-42页 |
| 3．5．1 Problems of First-year English Majors | 第38-40页 |
| 3．5．2 How the Problems Affect First-year English Majors' Motivation | 第40-42页 |
| 4 ENHANCING FIRST-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORS' MOTIVATION THROUGH COOPERATIVE LEARNING | 第42-63页 |
| 4．1 Cooperative Learning and Learners' Motivation | 第42-48页 |
| 4．1．1 Cooperative Learning and Course-specific Motivational Components | 第43-44页 |
| 4．1．2 Cooperative Learning and Teacher-specific Motivational Components | 第44-45页 |
| 4．1．3 Cooperative Learning and Group-specific Motivational Components | 第45-48页 |
| 4．2 Reasons for Using Cooperative Learning in ESL Classrooms | 第48-51页 |
| 4．3 Characteristics of Cooperative Learning | 第51-53页 |
| 4．4 Practical Methods to Promote Learners'Motivation | 第53-63页 |
| 4．4．1 Considering the Preconditions for Effective Motivation | 第53-54页 |
| 4．4．2 Building a Cooperative Learning Climate | 第54-56页 |
| 4．4．3 Raising Learners' Feeling of Security and Progress | 第56-57页 |
| 4．4．4 Getting Learners Involved in the Learning Program | 第57-58页 |
| 4．4．5 Making Learners Engage in L2 Learning Cognitively | 第58-59页 |
| 4．4．6 Developing Learners' Self-confidence | 第59页 |
| 4．4．7 Improving Self-determination | 第59页 |
| 4．4．8 Increasing Learners' Interest and Involvement in Learning Tasks | 第59-60页 |
| 4．4．9 Improving Learning Environment | 第60页 |
| 4．4．10 Providing Learning Strategies | 第60-61页 |
| 4．4．11 Enhancing the Teacher's Role in Promoting Motivation | 第61页 |
| 4．4．12 Building up an Appropriate Teacher-learner Relationship | 第61-63页 |
| 5 CONCLUSION | 第63-69页 |
| REFERENCES | 第69-74页 |
| APPENDIXA | 第74-79页 |
| APPENDIXB | 第79页 |
| 1． Foreign Language Learning Factors and Their Proportion | 第14-26页 |
| 2． Dimensions of Intrinsic/Extrinsic Motivation | 第26-27页 |
| 3． Components of Foreign Language Learning Motivation | 第27-54页 |
| 4． Preconditions for Effective Motivation | 第54-34页 |
| 1． Motivational Intensity | 第34页 |
| 2． Learning Preference Orientation | 第34-36页 |
| 3． Goal Motivation（Why Do I Learn English） | 第36页 |
| 4． Other Problems（How Do I Learn English） | 第36-37页 |
| 5． I Can Learn English Better If | 第37-79页 |
