| Abstract | 第1-6页 |
| 摘要 | 第6-9页 |
| Introduction | 第9-10页 |
| Chapter 1 Historical reviews of approaches and methods in writing | 第10-17页 |
| ·The nature of writing | 第10-11页 |
| ·The nature of writing in English as a second language (ESL) | 第11-12页 |
| ·Teaching methods/ approaches in writing | 第12-14页 |
| ·Writing as a communicative activity | 第14-16页 |
| ·Summary | 第16-17页 |
| Chapter 2 Review of relevant literature | 第17-28页 |
| ·Relevant issues related to writing test | 第17-20页 |
| ·Validity | 第20-21页 |
| ·The importance of validity | 第20页 |
| ·Types of validity | 第20-21页 |
| ·The writing task and test rubrics | 第21-24页 |
| ·Styles and tasks of writing | 第22-23页 |
| ·Test rubrics and issues related to intermediate and advanced writing tests | 第23-24页 |
| ·Marking scale | 第24-26页 |
| ·Holistic marking scale | 第25-26页 |
| ·Analytic marking scale | 第26页 |
| ·Problems solved and to be solved | 第26-28页 |
| Chapter 3 An empirical study of writing tasks and scoring types | 第28-47页 |
| ·Research design and suggested types of sample tasks | 第28-31页 |
| ·Suggested types of sample tasks | 第28-30页 |
| ·Characteristics of the suggested tasks | 第30-31页 |
| ·Questionnaire survey | 第31-34页 |
| ·Goal and expected conclusion | 第31页 |
| ·Materials and participants in experiment and questionnaire | 第31-32页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第32-34页 |
| ·Experiment on scoring means in different types of tasks | 第34-45页 |
| ·Theory foundation and expected conclusion | 第34-35页 |
| ·Relevant issues in the experiment | 第35-36页 |
| ·Weight determination and its principles | 第36-38页 |
| ·A case study on marking | 第38-43页 |
| ·Statistical analysis | 第43-45页 |
| ·Practical issues in large scale writing sub-tests | 第45-47页 |
| Conclusion | 第47-49页 |
| Appendix I: Two suggested writing tasks | 第49-50页 |
| AppendixII: Four marking scales | 第50-53页 |
| AppendixIII: Questionnaire | 第53-54页 |
| AppendixIV: Data | 第54-56页 |
| AppendixV: Formula and sample statistical procedures | 第56-60页 |
| Bibliography | 第60-62页 |
