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English Cohesive Devices and Their Application in EFL Writing

1 INTRODUCTION第8-11页
    1.1 Text and Cohesion第8-9页
    1.2 The Outline of This Paper第9-11页
2 REFERENCE第11-25页
    2.1 Introduction第11-12页
    2.2 Types of Reference第12-13页
    2.3 Personal Reference第13-16页
        2.3.1 Personal reference第13-14页
        2.3.2 Generalized exophoric reference第14-16页
    2.4 Demonstrative Reference第16-18页
        2.4.1 This, these, that and those第16-17页
        2.4.2 The第17-18页
        2.4.3 Here, there, now and then第18页
    2.5 Comparative Reference第18-20页
        2.5.1 General comparison第19-20页
        2.5.2 Particular comparison第20页
    2.6 Reference and Writing第20-22页
    2.7 Clausal Reference第22-23页
    2.8 Information Flow第23-25页
3 SUBSTITUTION第25-37页
    3.1 Introduction第25-27页
        3.1.1 The Meaning of substitution第25页
        3.1.2 Cohesive function of substitution第25-26页
        3.1.3 Reference and substitution第26页
        3.1.4 Types of substitution第26-27页
    3.2 Nominal Substitution第27-30页
        3.2.1 One and ones第27-29页
        3.2.2 The same第29-30页
    3.3 Verbal Substitution第30-33页
        3.3.1 The Meaning of verbal substitution第30-31页
        3.3.2 Uses of verbal substitutes第31-33页
    3.4 Clausal Substitution第33-37页
        3.4.1 The Meaning of lausal substitution第33-34页
        3.4.2 Types of clausal substitution第34-37页
            3.4.2.1 Substitution of reported clauses第34-36页
            3.4.2.2 Substitution of conditional clause第36页
            3.4.2.3 Substitution of modalized clause第36-37页
4 ELLIPSIS第37-51页
    4.1 Introduction第37页
    4.2 Nominal Ellipsis第37-43页
        4.2.1 Structure of nominal group第38页
        4.2.2 Meaning of nominal ellipsis第38-40页
        4.2.3 Types of nominal ellipsis第40-43页
            4.2.3.1 Deictics as Heads第40-42页
                4.2.3.1.1 Specific deictics as Heads第40-41页
                4.2.3.1.2 Non-specific deictics as Heads第41页
                4.2.3.1.3 Post-deictics as Heads第41-42页
            4.2.3.2 Numeratives as Heads第42-43页
            4.2.3.3 Epithets as Heads第43页
    4.3 Verbal Ellipsis第43-47页
        4.3.1 Meaning of verbal ellipsis第43-44页
        4.3.2 Types of verbal ellipsis第44-47页
            4.3.2.1 Lexical ellipsis第44-45页
            4.3.2.2 Operator ellipsis第45-47页
    4.4 Clausal Ellipsis第47-49页
        4.4.1 Ellipsis in fact clauses第47-48页
        4.4.2 Ellipsis in reported clauses第48-49页
    4.5 Ellipsis in Information Flow第49-51页
5 CONJUNCTION第51-61页
    5.1 Introduction第51-52页
    5.2 Syntactic Realizations of Conjunctives第52-53页
    5.3 Positions of Conjunctives第53-54页
    5.4 Semantic Categories of Conjunctives第54-59页
        5.4.1 Enumeration and sequence第54-55页
        5.4.2 Addition第55-56页
        5.4.3 Apposition第56-57页
        5.4.4 Summation第57页
        5.4.5 Result/Inference第57页
        5.4.6 Contrast第57-58页
        5.4.7 Concession第58页
        5.4.8 Transition第58-59页
    5.5 Guide to Writing第59-60页
    5.6 Conjunctive Adjuncts in Theme第60-61页
6 LEXICAL COHESION第61-69页
    6.1 Introduction第61页
    6.2 Reiteration第61-64页
        6.2.1 Repetition of the same word第61-62页
        6.2.2 Repetition of a synonym or a near-synonym第62-63页
        6.2.3 Repetition of a superordinate第63页
        6.2.4 Repetition of general word第63-64页
    6.3 Collocation第64-66页
    6.4 Types of Lexical Links第66-67页
    6.5 Repetition and Writing第67-69页
7 CONCLUSION第69-72页

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