| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第4-5页 |
| 摘要 | 第5-7页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第7-9页 |
| Chapter One INTRODUCTION | 第14-20页 |
| 1.1 Research Background | 第14页 |
| 1.2 Objectives and Significance | 第14-16页 |
| 1.3 Research Methodology | 第16-17页 |
| 1.4 General Layout | 第17-20页 |
| Chapter Two LITERATURE REVIEW | 第20-32页 |
| 2.1 A Survey of English Versions of Lunyu | 第20-24页 |
| 2.2 Overview of Previous Studies on English Translation of Lunyu | 第24-30页 |
| 2.2.1 Studies on English Translation of Lunyu at Home | 第24-28页 |
| 2.2.2 Studies on English Translation of Lunyu Abroad | 第28-30页 |
| 2.3 Limitations of Previous Studies | 第30-32页 |
| Chapter Three THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK | 第32-46页 |
| 3.1 Toury and Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS) | 第32-37页 |
| 3.1.1 A Brief Introduction to DTS | 第32-34页 |
| 3.1.2 Main Concepts of DTS | 第34-37页 |
| 3.2 Translation Norms | 第37-46页 |
| 3.2.1 The Concept and Nature of Translation Norms | 第37-40页 |
| 3.2.2 Classification and Reconstruction of Translation Norms | 第40-46页 |
| Chapter Four A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE TRANSLATION NORMS OF THE TWO ENGLISH VERSIONS of Lunyu | 第46-86页 |
| 4.1 Reconstruction and Comparison of Preliminary Norms | 第46-53页 |
| 4.1.1 Translation Policy | 第46-53页 |
| 4.1.1.1 The Socio-cultural Contexts of the Two Periods | 第47-49页 |
| 4.1.1.2 The Social Needs of the Target Readers and Culture | 第49-50页 |
| 4.1.1.3 Publishing House | 第50-53页 |
| 4.1.2 Directness of Translation | 第53页 |
| 4.2 Reconstruction and Comparison of Operational Norms | 第53-74页 |
| 4.2.1 Reconstruction of Matricial Norms from the Macro-level | 第54-60页 |
| 4.2.1.1 Addition | 第54-56页 |
| 4.2.1.2 Omission | 第56-58页 |
| 4.2.1.3 Footnotes and Annotations | 第58-60页 |
| 4.2.2 Reconstruction of Textual-linguistic Norms from the Micro-level | 第60-74页 |
| 4.2.2.1 Sentence Patterns | 第60-66页 |
| 4.2.2.2 Culture-loaded Words | 第66-71页 |
| 4.2.2.3 Stylistic Features | 第71-74页 |
| 4.3 Reconstruction and Comparison of Initial Norms | 第74-76页 |
| 4.4 The Working Effects of Translation Norms of the Two Versions | 第76-77页 |
| 4.5 Causes of the Differences Between the Two Versions | 第77-83页 |
| 4.5.1 Translation Purpose | 第78-79页 |
| 4.5.2 The Position of the Translated Literature | 第79-81页 |
| 4.5.3 The Subjectivity of Individual Translator | 第81-83页 |
| 4.6 Summary | 第83-86页 |
| Chapter Five CONCLUSION | 第86-92页 |
| 5.1 Major Findings | 第86-87页 |
| 5.2 Implications | 第87-88页 |
| 5.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Study | 第88-92页 |
| REFERENCES | 第92-98页 |
| 附录： 作者在攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文 | 第98页 |
