| Abstract | 第5-6页 |
| 摘要 | 第7-14页 |
| 1. Introduction | 第14-40页 |
| 1.1 Bio-hydrogen and volatile fatty acid | 第14-25页 |
| 1.1.1 Bio-hydrogen | 第14-20页 |
| 1.1.2 Volatile fatty acid | 第20-22页 |
| 1.1.3 Biosynthetic pathways | 第22-23页 |
| 1.1.4 Process parameters for hydrogen and VFA fermentation | 第23-25页 |
| 1.1.4.1 Temperature | 第24页 |
| 1.1.4.2 pH | 第24-25页 |
| 1.1.4.3 Hydrogen partial pressure | 第25页 |
| 1.2 Lignocellulosic biomass for hydrogen and VFA production | 第25-34页 |
| 1.2.1 Substrates | 第25-27页 |
| 1.2.2 Pretreatment of substrates | 第27-34页 |
| 1.2.2.1 Physical pretreatments | 第29页 |
| 1.2.2.2 Chemical pretreatments | 第29-30页 |
| 1.2.2.3 Biological pretreatments | 第30-31页 |
| 1.2.2.4 Combined pretreatments | 第31-32页 |
| 1.2.2.5 Inhibitory compounds | 第32-34页 |
| 1.3 Sweet sorghum stalk | 第34-38页 |
| 1.3.1 Potential uses of sweet sorghum | 第35-38页 |
| 1.3.1.1 Food/feed | 第35页 |
| 1.3.1.2 Biofuel feedstock | 第35-37页 |
| 1.3.1.3 Sweet sorghum biorefinery | 第37-38页 |
| 1.4 Aims and objectives | 第38-40页 |
| 2. Coproduction of hydrogen and VFA by thermophilic fermentation fromco-culture of C. thermocellum and C. thermosaccharolyticum | 第40-58页 |
| 2.1 Introduction | 第40-41页 |
| 2.2 Experimental methodology | 第41-44页 |
| 2.2.1 Materials and chemicals | 第41-42页 |
| 2.2.2 Microorganisms and culture condition | 第42页 |
| 2.2.3 Experimental design | 第42-43页 |
| 2.2.4 Analytical methods | 第43-44页 |
| 2.3 Results and discussion | 第44-57页 |
| 2.3.1 Effect of the inoculation ratio of C. thermosaccharolyticum to C.thermocellum on hydrogen and VFA production | 第44-48页 |
| 2.3.2 Effect of substrate concentration to optimize the maximum conversion forco-culture of C. thermosaccharolyticum to C. thermocellum on hydrogenand VFA | 第48-52页 |
| 2.3.3 Optimization of inoculation time gap between C. thermosaccharolyticumfollowed by C. thermocellum | 第52-56页 |
| 2.3.4 Hydrogen and VFA production from single-culture of C.thermosaccharolyticum and co-culture of C. thermocellum and C.thermosaccharolyticum | 第56-57页 |
| 2.4 Conclusions | 第57-58页 |
| 3. Coproduction of hydrogen and VFA by two-step fermentation with dilute acidtreatment in between | 第58-74页 |
| 3.1 Introduction | 第58-60页 |
| 3.2 Experimental methodology | 第60-62页 |
| 3.2.1 Materials and chemicals | 第60页 |
| 3.2.2 Microorganism and culture conditions | 第60页 |
| 3.2.3 1~(st) step fermentation | 第60页 |
| 3.2.4 Dilute acid treatment and 2~(nd) step fermentation | 第60-62页 |
| 3.2.5 Analytical methods | 第62页 |
| 3.3 Results and discussion | 第62-71页 |
| 3.3.1 1~(st) step dark fermentation of sweet sorghum stalk by C.thermosaccharolyticum | 第62页 |
| 3.3.2 Acid treatment on residual biomass after 1~(st) step fermentation | 第62-66页 |
| 3.3.3 Effect of acid concentration with different reaction temperature on residualbiomass for hydrogen, acetic acid and butyric acid production | 第66-70页 |
| 3.3.4 Total hydrogen and VFA production from one step fermentation and twostep fermentation with dilute acid treatment in between | 第70-71页 |
| 3.4 Conclusion | 第71-74页 |
| 4. Coproduction of hydrogen and volatile fatty acid by two-step fermentationintegrated with alkali and enzyme treatment in between | 第74-98页 |
| 4.1 Introduction | 第74-76页 |
| 4.2 Experimental methodology | 第76-78页 |
| 4.2.1 Materials and chemicals | 第76页 |
| 4.2.2 Microorganism and culture conditions | 第76页 |
| 4.2.3 1~(st) step fermentation | 第76页 |
| 4.2.4 Alkali treatment followed by enzyme hydrolysis and 2~(nd) step fermentation | 第76-78页 |
| 4.2.5 Analytical methods | 第78页 |
| 4.3 Results and discussion | 第78-92页 |
| 4.3.1 Fermentability of sweet sorghum stalk in 1~(st) step dark fermentation by C.thermosaccharolyticum | 第78-79页 |
| 4.3.2 Alkali treatment on residual biomass after 1~(st) step fermentation: effect ofNaOH loading and reaction temperature on composition of residualbiomass | 第79-82页 |
| 4.3.3 Effect of NaOH loading and reaction temperature on enzymatic digestibilityof residual substrate from 1~(st) step fermentation | 第82-86页 |
| 4.3.4 Effect of NaOH concentration with different reaction temperature onresidual biomass for hydrogen, acetic acid and butyric acid production | 第86-91页 |
| 4.3.5 Total hydrogen and VFA yields in one step and two step fermentation withNaOH followed by cellulase enzyme treatment in between | 第91-92页 |
| 4.4 Comparison of hydrogen and organic acid production performance for differenttreatment methods | 第92-95页 |
| 4.5 Techno-economic comparison of different anaerobic dark fermentation processes | 第95-97页 |
| 4.6 Conclusion | 第97-98页 |
| 5. Conclusions and prospective | 第98-100页 |
| 5.1 Conclusion | 第98-99页 |
| 5.2 Novelty | 第99页 |
| 5.3 Prospective | 第99-100页 |
| List of abbreviations | 第100-102页 |
| References | 第102-126页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第126-128页 |
| Curriculum vitae | 第128-129页 |
