| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第7-16页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第16-19页 |
| 论文摘要 | 第20-23页 |
| RESUMEN | 第23-34页 |
| LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS | 第34-36页 |
| CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION | 第36-44页 |
| 1.1. Significance and rationale of the study | 第36-40页 |
| 1.2. Motivation | 第40-41页 |
| 1.3. Outline of the thesis | 第41-44页 |
| CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK | 第44-73页 |
| 2.1. Methodological approach | 第44-49页 |
| 2.2. Identification of the research problem | 第49-50页 |
| 2.3. Research objectives,hypotheses and questions | 第50-54页 |
| 2.4. Units of analysis | 第54-69页 |
| 2.4.1. Delimitation of the problem | 第54-66页 |
| 2.4.2. Delimitation of the comparative area | 第66-69页 |
| 2.4.3. Timing | 第69页 |
| 2.5. Description and interpretation | 第69-70页 |
| 2.6. Juxtaposition and comparison | 第70-72页 |
| 2.7. Application | 第72页 |
| 2.8. Summary of the chapter | 第72-73页 |
| CHAPTER 3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK | 第73-141页 |
| 3.1. Initial teacher education and secondary education | 第73-99页 |
| 3.1.1. Initial teacher education:conceptual development | 第75-90页 |
| 3.1.2. Initial teacher education:contemporary notion | 第90-94页 |
| 3.1.3. Secondary education:conceptual development | 第94-96页 |
| 3.1.4. Secondary education:contemporary notion | 第96-99页 |
| 3.2. Key concepts in teacher education | 第99-121页 |
| 3.2.1. Teacher education foundations and approaches | 第99-102页 |
| 3.2.2. Teacher education institutions and paths | 第102-105页 |
| 3.2.3. Teacher education curriculum design and organization | 第105-111页 |
| 3.2.4. Teachers' professional competencies | 第111-115页 |
| 3.2.5. Teacher education qualifications | 第115-119页 |
| 3.2.6. Selection of teachers-to-be for initial education programmes | 第119-121页 |
| 3.3. Teacher's professionalization,status and professional identity | 第121-133页 |
| 3.3.1. Professionalization:teaching as a recognized profession | 第122-125页 |
| 3.3.2. Status:the social dimension | 第125-128页 |
| 3.3.3. Professional identity:a personal and multidimensional construct | 第128-132页 |
| 3.3.4. Secondary teachers' professionalization,status and identity crisis | 第132-133页 |
| 3.4. Teacher education and quality under an international and supranational perspective | 第133-138页 |
| 3.5. Summary of the chapter | 第138-141页 |
| CHAPTER 4 TERRITORIAL,SOCIO-POLITICAL,ECONOMIC AND EDUCATIONALFRAMEWORK | 第141-283页 |
| 4.1. China | 第141-214页 |
| 4.1.1. Territorial,socio-political and economic features | 第141-145页 |
| 4.1.2. China in the world | 第145-149页 |
| 4.1.3. China in the East Asian context | 第149-151页 |
| 4.1.4. Education guidelines in the East Asian context | 第151-167页 |
| 4.1.5. Education in China | 第167-214页 |
| 4.1.5.1. General education legislation and guidelines | 第167-176页 |
| 4.1.5.2. Education and future guidelines | 第176-180页 |
| 4.1.5.3. System overview | 第180-189页 |
| 4.1.5.4. Secondary education curriculum design and schedules | 第189-200页 |
| 4.1.5.5. Secondary education institutions and teachers | 第200-206页 |
| 4.1.5.6. Secondary education students and families | 第206-211页 |
| 4.1.5.7. Quality control and standards for higher institutions | 第211-214页 |
| 4.2. Spain | 第214-274页 |
| 4.2.1. Territorial, socio-political and economic features | 第214-216页 |
| 4.2.2. Spain in the world | 第216-219页 |
| 4.2.3. Spain as a European Union member | 第219-223页 |
| 4.2.4. Education guidelines in the European Union | 第223-238页 |
| 4.2.5. Education in Spam | 第238-274页 |
| 4.2.5.1. General education legislation and guidelines | 第238-248页 |
| 4.2.5.2. Education and future guidelines | 第248-250页 |
| 4.2.5.3. System overview | 第250-256页 |
| 4.2.5.4. Secondary education curriculum design and schedules | 第256-263页 |
| 4.2.5.5. Secondary education institutions and teachers | 第263-267页 |
| 4.2.5.6. Secondary education students and families | 第267-273页 |
| 4.2.5.7. Quality control and standards for higher institutions | 第273-274页 |
| 4.3. China and Spain's cultural dichotomy | 第274-281页 |
| 4.3.1. West-East social values and cultural features. Implications for education | 第274-281页 |
| 4.4. Summary of the chapter | 第281-283页 |
| CHAPTER 5 SECONDARY TEACHERS' INITIAL EDUCATION: DESCRIPTION ANDINTERPRETATION | 第283-375页 |
| 5.1. China | 第283-332页 |
| 5.1.1. Historical perspective | 第283-292页 |
| 5.1.2. Contemporary dilemmas and guidelines for reforms | 第292-297页 |
| 5.1.3. Secondary teachers' education legislation and regulations | 第297-301页 |
| 5.1.4. Secondary teachers' education institutions and paths | 第301-305页 |
| 5.1.5. Design and organization of secondary teachers' education curriculum | 第305-315页 |
| 5.1.6. Secondary teachers' professional competencies | 第315-322页 |
| 5.1.7. Secondary teachers' qualifications | 第322-325页 |
| 5.1.8. Selection of secondary teachers-to-be for initial education programmes | 第325-332页 |
| 5.2. Spain | 第332-365页 |
| 5.2.1. Historical perspective | 第332-341页 |
| 5.2.2. Contemporary dilemmas and guidelines for reforms | 第341-345页 |
| 5.2.3. Secondary teachers' education legislation and regulations | 第345-348页 |
| 5.2.4. Secondary teachers' education institutions and paths | 第348-350页 |
| 5.2.5. Design and organization of secondary teachers' education curriculum | 第350-356页 |
| 5.2.6. Secondary teachers' professional competencies | 第356-362页 |
| 5.2.7. Secondary teachers' qualifications | 第362-363页 |
| 5.2.8. Selection of secondary teachers-to-be for initial education programmes | 第363-365页 |
| 5.3. International and supranational standards of quality for initial teacher education | 第365-372页 |
| 5.4. Summary of the chapter | 第372-375页 |
| CHAPTER 6 JUXTAPOSITION AND COMPARISON: GENERAL FEATURES | 第375-424页 |
| 6.1. Territorial, socio-political and economic features (CC. 1) | 第375-382页 |
| 6.1.1. Territorial and socio-political features (P. 1) | 第376-380页 |
| 6.1.2. Economic features (P. 2) | 第380-382页 |
| 6.2. System overview (CC. 2) | 第382-395页 |
| 6.2.1. Education system structure and organization (P. 3) | 第383-385页 |
| 6.2.2. Education enrolment data (P. 4) | 第385-390页 |
| 6.2.3. Economy and education (P. 5) | 第390-392页 |
| 6.2.4. Education management, legislation and responsible bodies (P. 6) | 第392-395页 |
| 6.3. Secondary education curriculum design and schedules (CC. 3) | 第395-402页 |
| 6.3.1. Curriculum organization (P. 7) | 第395-400页 |
| 6.3.2. Schedule organization (P. 8) | 第400-402页 |
| 6.4. Secondary education: institutions and teachers (CC. 4) | 第402-413页 |
| 6.4.1. Policies and qualification (P. 9) | 第402-404页 |
| 6.4.2. Teachers' salaries (P. 10) | 第404-407页 |
| 6.4.3. Working hours (P. 11) | 第407-408页 |
| 6.4.4. Institutions and teachers of secondary education (P. 12) | 第408-411页 |
| 6.4.5. Teachers' status (P. 13) | 第411-413页 |
| 6.5. Secondary education: students and families (CC. 5) | 第413-422页 |
| 6.5.1. Students and institutions (P. 14) | 第414-417页 |
| 6.5.2. Academic results (P. 15) | 第417-419页 |
| 6.5.3. Students' and families' perception of education (P. 16) | 第419-422页 |
| 6.6. Summary of the chapter | 第422-424页 |
| CHAPTER 7 JUXTAPOSITION AND COMPARISON: SECONDARY TEACHERS'INITIAL EDUCATION AND INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS | 第424-480页 |
| 7.1. Teacher education institutions and paths (CC. 6) | 第425-428页 |
| 7.1.1. Institutions and paths (P. 17) | 第425-428页 |
| 7.2. Curriculum design and organization (CC. 7) | 第428-437页 |
| 7.2.1. National curriculum organization (P. 18) | 第428-431页 |
| 7.2.2. Extra curriculum not related to the specific degree (P. 19) | 第431-433页 |
| 7.2.3. Credit distribution (P. 20) | 第433-435页 |
| 7.2.4. Practicum(P. 21) | 第435-437页 |
| 7.3. Teachers' professional competencies (CC. 8) | 第437-451页 |
| 7.3.1. Teacher education competencies and legislation (P. 22) | 第438-441页 |
| 7.3.2. Policies, politics and career understanding (P. 23) | 第441-443页 |
| 7.3.3. Teachers' knowledge (P. 24) | 第443-446页 |
| 7.3.4. Teachers' attitude and diversity (P. 25) | 第446-448页 |
| 7.3.5. Basic skills (P. 26) | 第448-450页 |
| 7.3.6. Social role (P. 27) | 第450-451页 |
| 7.4. Teachers' qualifications (CC. 9) | 第451-455页 |
| 7.4.1. Level of qualification and general characteristics (P. 28) | 第452-453页 |
| 7.4.2. Relevant assessments for obtaining a teaching qualification (P. 29) | 第453-455页 |
| 7.5. Selection of teachers-to-be for initial education programmes (CC. 10) | 第455-462页 |
| 7.5.1. Previous examination (P. 30) | 第455-457页 |
| 7.5.2. Academic and personal standards (P. 31) | 第457-459页 |
| 7.5.3. Academic selection (P. 32) | 第459-461页 |
| 7.5.4. Economic and social advantages (P. 33) | 第461-462页 |
| 7.6. Secondary teachers' initial education system under an international perspective of quality (CC. 11) | 第462-477页 |
| 7.6.1. Institutions and paths (P. 34) | 第462-464页 |
| 7.6.2. Curriculum design (P. 35) | 第464-467页 |
| 7.6.3. Practicum (P. 36) | 第467-469页 |
| 7.6.4. Professional competencies (P. 37) | 第469-471页 |
| 7.6.5. Qualifications (P. 38) | 第471-473页 |
| 7.6.6. Selection of teachers-to-be (P. 39) | 第473-475页 |
| 7.6.7. Triangulation of Chinese, Spanish and International guidelines | 第475-477页 |
| 7.7. Summary of the chapter | 第477-480页 |
| CHAPTER 8 SUMMARY OF RESEARCH FINDINGS AND APPLICATION | 第480-534页 |
| 8.1. Conclusions | 第481-512页 |
| 8.1.1. Hypothesis 1 | 第481-502页 |
| 8.1.2. Hypothesis 2 | 第502-509页 |
| 8.1.3. Hypothesis 3 | 第509-512页 |
| 8.2. Application:proposals for Spain | 第512-524页 |
| 8.2.1. General features | 第512-518页 |
| 8.2.2. Secondary teachers' initial education | 第518-524页 |
| 8.3. Potential and limitations of the research | 第524-528页 |
| 8.4. Recommendations for further research agendas | 第528-530页 |
| 8.5. Summary of the chapter | 第530-534页 |
| CONCLUSIONES | 第534-572页 |
| Hip(?)tesis 1 | 第535-559页 |
| Hip(?)tesis 2 | 第559-567页 |
| Hip(?)tesis 3 | 第567-572页 |
| REFERENCES | 第572-632页 |
| ANNEXES | 第632-644页 |
