| ABSTRACT | 第7-8页 |
| 摘要 | 第9-11页 |
| Abbreviations | 第11-12页 |
| 1 INTRODUCTION | 第12-28页 |
| 1.1 Abiotic stress | 第12-14页 |
| 1.2 Salinity | 第14-15页 |
| 1.3 Reactive Oxygen Species:Their Generation and Effects | 第15-17页 |
| 1.4 Molecular mechanisms of plant adaptation to stress tolerance | 第17-20页 |
| 1.5 Stress-Responsive Genes | 第20-21页 |
| 1.6 ABA and signaling components | 第21-23页 |
| 1.7 Ca~(2+) as a secondary messenger | 第23-24页 |
| 1.8 Annexin-Stress protein | 第24-26页 |
| 1.9 Objectives | 第26-28页 |
| 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第28-35页 |
| 2.1 Plant materials and stress treatments | 第28页 |
| 2.2 Molecular cloning of the AnnSp2 genes and promoter region | 第28-29页 |
| 2.3 Plant Transformation and Regeneration | 第29页 |
| 2.4 Molecular analysis of transgenic plants | 第29-30页 |
| 2.5 Bioinformatics Analysis | 第30-31页 |
| 2.6 GFP fusion construct and transient expression assay | 第31页 |
| 2.7 Protein extraction and western blot analysis | 第31-32页 |
| 2.8 Stress Experiments for AnnSp2 | 第32-35页 |
| 2.8.1 Drought stress | 第32页 |
| 2.8.2 Salt Tolerance Assays | 第32-33页 |
| 2.8.3 Oxidative Stress Assays | 第33页 |
| 2.8.4 Determination of ABA and Proline Contents | 第33页 |
| 2.8.5 Histochemical Detection of ROS and Measurement of MDA | 第33-34页 |
| 2.8.6 Antioxidant enzyme activity assays | 第34-35页 |
| 3 RESULTS | 第35-53页 |
| 3.1 Cloning and characterization of AnnSp2 gene | 第35-39页 |
| 3.2 Ex pression analysis of AnnSp2 and subcellular localization | 第39-40页 |
| 3.3 Protein expression | 第40-41页 |
| 3.4 Gene expression profile analysis | 第41-42页 |
| 3.4.1 Expression pattern under different stress | 第41-42页 |
| 3.5 Transgenic plants analysis | 第42-43页 |
| 3.6 Over-expression of AnnSp2 enhances salinity and drought tolerance | 第43-46页 |
| 3.7 Over-expression of AnnSp2 alleviates sensitivity to ABA according to seed germination and post-germination growth assays | 第46-47页 |
| 3.8 Expression of stress-responsive genes in AnnSp2-transgenic plants | 第47-49页 |
| 3.9 Over-expression of AnnSp2 enhances the tolerance to oxidative stress by increasing ROS-scavenging ability under drought and salt stress | 第49-53页 |
| 4 DISCUSSION | 第53-60页 |
| 4.1 AnnSp2 gene is Developmentally Regulated and Affected by Stress Conditions | 第53-54页 |
| 4.2 Stress and Regulation of ABA level in transgenic plants | 第54-56页 |
| 4.3 Expression of AnnSp2 | 第56-57页 |
| 4.4 AnnSp2 is involved in Oxidative Stress Tolerance | 第57-58页 |
| 4.5 Conclusions and Future study | 第58-60页 |
| References | 第60-73页 |
| APPENDIX | 第73-80页 |
| LIST OF FIGURES | 第80-81页 |
| LIST OF PUBLICATIONS | 第81-82页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第82-84页 |
