| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第4-5页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第5-8页 |
| 摘要 | 第9-14页 |
| Chapter One INTRODUCTION | 第14-19页 |
| 1.1 Background of the study | 第14-16页 |
| 1.2 Need for the study | 第16-18页 |
| 1.3 Outline of the thesis | 第18-19页 |
| Chapter Two LITERATURE REVIEW | 第19-38页 |
| 2.1 L2 listening comprehension as a demanding cognitive process | 第19-21页 |
| 2.2 Theories concerning listening comprehension | 第21-27页 |
| 2.2.1 Krashen's Input Hypothesis | 第21-22页 |
| 2.2.2 Noticing Hypothesis | 第22-23页 |
| 2.2.3 Frameworks of task difficulty | 第23-27页 |
| 2.3 Studies on the effects of factors on L2 listening comprehension | 第27-36页 |
| 2.3.1 Studies of effects of learner factors on L2 listening comprehension | 第27-29页 |
| 2.3.2 Studies of effects of task characteristics on L2 listening comprehension | 第29-31页 |
| 2.3.3 Studies of effects of text characteristics on L2 listening comprehension | 第31-33页 |
| 2.3.4 Studies of interactions of factors on L2 listening comprehension | 第33-36页 |
| 2.4 Problems with provious studies | 第36-38页 |
| Chapter Three METHODOLOGY | 第38-47页 |
| 3.1 Research questions | 第38-39页 |
| 3.2 Research design | 第39页 |
| 3.3 Operationalizing variables | 第39-42页 |
| 3.3.1 Lexical coverage | 第39-41页 |
| 3.3.2 Question preview format | 第41页 |
| 3.3.3 Speech rate | 第41-42页 |
| 3.4 Participants | 第42页 |
| 3.5 Listening passages | 第42-44页 |
| 3.6 Instrument | 第44页 |
| 3.7 Piloting | 第44-45页 |
| 3.8 Data collection and procedure | 第45页 |
| 3.9 Scoring and data analysis | 第45-47页 |
| Chapter Four RESULTS AND DISCUSSION | 第47-63页 |
| 4.1 Results | 第47-54页 |
| 4.1.1 Descriptive statistics for EFL learners' listening comprehension | 第47-49页 |
| 4.1.2 Effects of lexical coverage, question preview format and speech rate on EFL learners' listening comprehension | 第49-54页 |
| 4.1.2.1 Assumptions of a mixed ANOVA | 第49-51页 |
| 4.1.2.2 A mixed ANOVA for EFL learners' listening comprehension | 第51-54页 |
| 4.2 Discussion | 第54-63页 |
| 4.2.1 Main effect of lexical coverage on EFL learners' listening comprehension | 第54-56页 |
| 4.2.2 Main effect of question preview format on EFL learners' listening comprehension | 第56-59页 |
| 4.2.3 Interaction of lexical coverage and question preview format on EFL learners' listening comprehension | 第59-61页 |
| 4.2.4 No effect of speech rate on EFL learners' listening comprehension | 第61-63页 |
| Chapter Five CONCLUSIONS | 第63-68页 |
| 5.1 Major findings | 第63-64页 |
| 5.2 Implications | 第64-66页 |
| 5.2.1 Theoretical implications | 第64-65页 |
| 5.2.2 Pedagogical implications | 第65-66页 |
| 5.3 Limitations | 第66-68页 |
| REFERENCES | 第68-82页 |
| APPENDICES | 第82-94页 |
| Appendix A Listening passages with nonwords | 第82-87页 |
| Appendix B Listening comprehension test | 第87-94页 |
