| Acknowledgements | 第1-5页 |
| 摘要 | 第5-6页 |
| Abstract | 第6-12页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第12-15页 |
| ·Background of the study | 第12-13页 |
| ·Necessity and purposes of the study | 第13-14页 |
| ·Overview of the thesis | 第14-15页 |
| Chapter 2 Literature Review | 第15-33页 |
| ·Formative assessment: definition and its theoretical basis | 第15-18页 |
| ·Definition of formative assessment | 第15-16页 |
| ·The theoretical basis of formative assessment | 第16-18页 |
| ·Humanism | 第16-17页 |
| ·Constructivism | 第17页 |
| ·Multiple Intelligences Theory | 第17-18页 |
| ·Formative assessment and summative assessment | 第18-20页 |
| ·The difference between formative assessment and summative assessment | 第18-19页 |
| ·Integrating formative assessment and summative assessment in teaching | 第19-20页 |
| ·Formative assessment: the process and its related empirical studies | 第20-29页 |
| ·The process of formative assessment | 第20-23页 |
| ·identifying purpose | 第21页 |
| ·Eliciting information | 第21-22页 |
| ·Interpreting information | 第22页 |
| ·Acting on information | 第22-23页 |
| ·Formative assessment tools and techniques | 第23-27页 |
| ·Classroom observation | 第23-24页 |
| ·Portfolios | 第24-25页 |
| ·Questionnaires and interviews | 第25页 |
| ·Teacher assessment | 第25-26页 |
| ·Self-assessment and peer-assessment | 第26-27页 |
| ·Related studies on formative assessment | 第27-29页 |
| ·Zhang Hui's study | 第27页 |
| ·Goodman's study | 第27-28页 |
| ·Torrance and Pryor's study | 第28-29页 |
| ·Oral English Teaching | 第29-32页 |
| ·Characteristics of oral English activity | 第29-30页 |
| ·Components of oral English activity | 第30页 |
| ·Oral English assessment | 第30-32页 |
| ·Two methods of assessing oral English proficiency | 第30-31页 |
| ·Difficulties in assessing oral English | 第31-32页 |
| ·The present situation of assessment in high school English teaching and learning | 第32-33页 |
| ·The possibility and significance of implementing formative assessment in high school English teaching | 第33页 |
| Chapter 3 Research Design | 第33-43页 |
| ·Research questions and research hypothesis | 第34页 |
| ·Objectives of research | 第34-35页 |
| ·Research design | 第35-36页 |
| ·Investigative approach | 第35页 |
| ·Research site | 第35页 |
| ·Subjects | 第35-36页 |
| ·Procedure of the research | 第36-41页 |
| ·Questionnaire and pretest | 第36-37页 |
| ·Designing a formative assessment for oral English teaching in the study | 第37-41页 |
| ·Deciding learning goals | 第37-38页 |
| ·Setting up scoring criteria | 第38页 |
| ·Designing oral activities | 第38-39页 |
| ·Conducting oral activities | 第39页 |
| ·Teacher assessment | 第39-40页 |
| ·Self assessment and peer assessment | 第40-41页 |
| ·Survey and posttest | 第41页 |
| ·Data Collection | 第41页 |
| ·Data Analysis | 第41-42页 |
| ·Particular features of the research | 第42-43页 |
| Chapter 4 Results and Discussion | 第43-60页 |
| ·Results | 第43-56页 |
| ·Results of the questionnaire and survey | 第43-48页 |
| ·Results of questionnaire | 第43-46页 |
| ·Results of survey | 第46-48页 |
| ·Results of the tests | 第48-56页 |
| ·Comparison in general results | 第48-53页 |
| ·Comparison in every sub-skill of oral proficiency | 第53-56页 |
| ·Discussion | 第56-60页 |
| ·The effects of formative assessment in oral English teaching | 第56-57页 |
| ·The effects on teachers | 第56页 |
| ·The effects on students | 第56-57页 |
| ·Suggestions for implementing formative assessment in oral English teaching | 第57-60页 |
| ·Shifting the role of the teacher | 第57-58页 |
| ·Integrating assessment with teaching | 第58-59页 |
| ·Providing high-quality assessment feedback | 第59-60页 |
| Chapter 5 Conclusion | 第60-65页 |
| ·Major findings of the study | 第60-62页 |
| ·Implications of the study | 第62-63页 |
| ·Strengths and limitations of the study | 第63-64页 |
| ·Strengths of the study | 第63-64页 |
| ·Limitations of the study | 第64页 |
| ·Suggestions for future study | 第64-65页 |
| Bibliography | 第65-68页 |
| Appendix A | 第68-69页 |
| Appendix B | 第69-70页 |
| Appendix C | 第70-71页 |
| Appendix D | 第71-72页 |
| Appendix E | 第72-77页 |
| Appendix F | 第77-82页 |
