| 摘要 | 第1-13页 |
| Abstract | 第13-17页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第17-29页 |
| ·The definition of reader's positioning and the delimitation of "readers" for this study | 第17-20页 |
| ·The definition of reader's positioning | 第17-19页 |
| ·The delimitation of "readers" | 第19-20页 |
| ·Research questions | 第20-21页 |
| ·Rationale | 第21-23页 |
| ·Why two theories are chosen as the theoretical bases in the present study | 第23-25页 |
| ·The data | 第25-26页 |
| ·The methodology | 第26-27页 |
| ·Organization of the dissertation | 第27-29页 |
| Chapter 2 A Review of the Studies of Reader's Positioning | 第29-37页 |
| ·Studies of positioning in philosophy | 第29-30页 |
| ·Studies of readers in literary textual theories or literary criticism | 第30-32页 |
| ·Studies of readers and positioning in mass media communications | 第32-34页 |
| ·Studies of readers and positioning in critical discourse analysis (CDA) | 第34-35页 |
| ·Studies of reader's positioning in linguistics | 第35-36页 |
| ·Summary | 第36-37页 |
| Chapter 3 A Proposed Theoretical Framework for Analysing Reader's positioning | 第37-54页 |
| ·Introduction | 第37页 |
| ·Appraisal and positioning | 第37-38页 |
| ·An overview of Appraisal System | 第38-42页 |
| ·An overview of Adaptation Theory | 第42-45页 |
| ·The choice-making notion of language | 第42页 |
| ·The three properties of language | 第42-43页 |
| ·The four angles of language investigation and adaptability | 第43-45页 |
| ·Appraisal and Adaptation: situating Appraisal system in Adaptation Theory | 第45-46页 |
| ·A theoretical framework for the present study | 第46-52页 |
| ·Essentials of reader's positioning for the proposed framework | 第46-49页 |
| ·Reader's positioning as a result of appraisal choice making | 第46-47页 |
| ·Reader's positioning as a process of dynamic negotiation | 第47-48页 |
| ·Reader's positioning as a process of appraisal adaptation | 第48-49页 |
| ·The Appraisal-Adaptational Framework | 第49-52页 |
| ·Summary | 第52-54页 |
| Chapter 4 Variability of Resources for Reader's Positioning | 第54-63页 |
| ·Introduction | 第54页 |
| ·Variability of resources for reader's positioning in the constituent appraisal types | 第54-56页 |
| ·Variability of resources for reader's positioning in appraisal dyads and clines | 第56-61页 |
| ·Variability in appraisal dyads | 第56-59页 |
| ·Variability in appraisal clines | 第59-61页 |
| ·Summary | 第61-63页 |
| Chapter 5 Reader's Positioning in Production | 第63-102页 |
| ·Introduction | 第63-64页 |
| ·Explaining reader's positioning in production | 第64-82页 |
| ·Affectual Positioning | 第64-71页 |
| ·Positioning under Happiness/Unhapiness, Security/Insecurity and Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction | 第65-67页 |
| ·Positioning by Authorial Affect and Non-authorial Affect | 第67-69页 |
| ·Deficiencies of Appraisal system in Affectual subsystem | 第69-71页 |
| ·Judgmental Positioning | 第71-78页 |
| ·Positioning under Social Esteem and Social Sanction | 第72-73页 |
| ·Positioning by inscribed and provoked or evoked Judgment | 第73-75页 |
| ·Deficiencies of Appraisal system in Judgment subsystem | 第75-78页 |
| ·The typological basis for the classification between Judgment system and Appreciation system is fuzzy and not strictly observed | 第75-77页 |
| ·The hybridization of Judgment system with other systems | 第77-78页 |
| ·Appreciative positioning | 第78-82页 |
| ·Positioning under Appreciation: reaction | 第79页 |
| ·Positioning under Appreciation: composition | 第79-80页 |
| ·Positioning under Appreciation: valuation | 第80-81页 |
| ·Deficiencies of Appraisal system in Appreciation subsystem: lack of detailed or systematic discussion on implied Appreciation | 第81-82页 |
| ·Examining reader's positioning in production in Text 1 | 第82-93页 |
| ·Discussion of findings | 第93-99页 |
| ·The general choices of appraisal patterns and the use of the three kinds of dyads under Attitude positioning | 第93-94页 |
| ·Examining Affectual positioning | 第94-95页 |
| ·The balanced use of emotions under Affect | 第94-95页 |
| ·The dominance of Explicit Authorial Affect | 第95页 |
| ·Examining Judgmental positioning | 第95-98页 |
| ·The dominance of explicit positive Judgment | 第95-96页 |
| ·The prevalence and the balanced use of the patterns of Judgment: propriety and Judgment: capacity | 第96-98页 |
| ·The prominence of Judgment: tenacity | 第98页 |
| ·Examining Appreciative positioning: unbalanced use of different kinds of Appreciation | 第98-99页 |
| ·Summary | 第99-102页 |
| Chapter 6 Reader's Positioning in Interpretation | 第102-185页 |
| ·Introduction | 第102-103页 |
| ·Variability of reader's positioning | 第103-106页 |
| ·Interpretative reader's positioning | 第106-185页 |
| ·Examining Interpretive reader's positioning in Text 2 | 第106-128页 |
| ·Mapping and analysis | 第106-118页 |
| ·Discussion of findings | 第118-126页 |
| ·The general choices of appraisal patterns under Attitude positioning and the preference in use of the three kinds of dyads | 第118页 |
| ·Examining Affectual positioning | 第118-120页 |
| ·Examining Judgmental positioning | 第120-123页 |
| ·Examining Appreciative positioning: prevalent and comprehensive use of Appreciation | 第123-124页 |
| ·Summary | 第124-126页 |
| ·The (active, extra-)compliant reading position of Blair | 第126-128页 |
| ·The same emotions expressed in Affectual positioning although different appraisal patterns of Affect are preferred | 第126-127页 |
| ·The same judgmental tendency in Judgmental positioning | 第127页 |
| ·The same importance to social valuation towards the event in Appreciative positioning | 第127-128页 |
| ·Summary | 第128页 |
| ·Examining Interpretive Positioning in Text 3 | 第128-145页 |
| ·Mapping and analysis | 第129-136页 |
| ·Discussion of findings | 第136-142页 |
| ·The general choices of appraisal patterns under Attitude positioning and the preference in use of the three kinds of dyads | 第136页 |
| ·Examining Affectual positioning: prevalent use of emotions of Affect and the dominant use of explicit authorial Affect | 第136-137页 |
| ·Examining Judgmental positioning | 第137-140页 |
| ·Examining Appreciative positioning: prevalent and comprehensive use of Appreciation | 第140-141页 |
| ·Summary | 第141-142页 |
| ·Bin Laden's overly opponent/resistant reading position | 第142-145页 |
| ·Stronger emotional response to incite religious passion as opposed to Bush's balanced feelings under system of Affect | 第142-143页 |
| ·Three features of opponent reading under Judgment | 第143-144页 |
| (1) Same means of Judgment: propriety used to position the same object totally oppositely | 第143页 |
| (2) Less emphasis on Judgment: capacity and God's capacity borrowed to represent his side | 第143页 |
| (3) Less emphasis on Judgment: tenacity and illusive, bigoted tenacity advocated | 第143-144页 |
| ·The same importance to social valuation but different appreciative positioning | 第144页 |
| ·Summary | 第144-145页 |
| ·Examining Interpretive Positioning in Text 4 | 第145-153页 |
| ·Mapping and analysis | 第145-149页 |
| ·Discussion of findings | 第149-152页 |
| ·More balanced in general choices of appraisal patterns under Attitude positioning and similar preference in use of the three kinds of dyads | 第149页 |
| ·Similar Affect positioning but no emotion of Dissatisfaction conveyed | 第149-150页 |
| ·The similar prevalence of the pattern of Judgment: propriety, but the morality focused on is different | 第150-151页 |
| ·No intention to emphasize Judgment: capacity and Judgment: tenacity but showing compliance by acknowledging the two aspects in America | 第151页 |
| ·Prevalent and comprehensive use of Appreciation | 第151-152页 |
| ·The tactic reading position of Dalai Lama | 第152-153页 |
| ·Examining interpretive reader's positioning in Text 5 | 第153-169页 |
| ·Mapping and analysis | 第153-163页 |
| ·Discussion of findings | 第163-167页 |
| ·The general choices of appraisal patterns under Attitude positioning and the preference in use of the three kinds of dyads | 第163-164页 |
| ·Similar in Affectual positioning to Bush by the balanced use of emotions of Affect | 第164页 |
| ·Forceful Judgment positioning for non-war despite the recognition of the great evilness of and threat by the attacks | 第164-166页 |
| ·Negative Appreciative positioning | 第166-167页 |
| ·The negotiated position of the American peace-lover | 第167-169页 |
| ·Examining interpretive reader's positioning in Text 6 | 第169-185页 |
| ·Mapping and analysis | 第169-176页 |
| ·Discussion of findings | 第176-179页 |
| ·The general choices of appraisal patterns under Attitude positioning and preference in use of the three kinks of dyads | 第176页 |
| ·Weak Affectual positioning | 第176-177页 |
| ·Negotiative Judgmental positioning | 第177-178页 |
| ·Negative Appreciative positioning | 第178-179页 |
| ·The negotiated position of the Arabian peace-lover | 第179-181页 |
| ·The different degrees of negotiation in Text 5 and Text 6 | 第181-183页 |
| ·Summary | 第183-185页 |
| Chapter 7 Adaptability of Reader's Positioning | 第185-203页 |
| ·Introduction | 第185页 |
| ·Adaptability and adaptation revisited | 第185-186页 |
| ·Context revisited | 第186页 |
| ·Objects of adaptation and the functioning of reader's positioning as adaptation to variables of the three worlds | 第186-200页 |
| ·Adaptation to language user related factors | 第187-188页 |
| ·Reader's positioning as adaptation to variables of the Physical World | 第188-191页 |
| ·Adaptation to temporal-spatio coordinates | 第188-190页 |
| ·Adaptation to material conditions | 第190-191页 |
| ·Reader's positioning as adaptation to variables of Social World | 第191-196页 |
| ·Adaptation to social norms and conventions | 第192-193页 |
| ·Adaptation to culture and politics | 第193-194页 |
| ·Adaptation to social relations | 第194-196页 |
| ·Adaptation to persona-building | 第196页 |
| ·Reader's positioning as adaptation to variables of the Mental World | 第196-200页 |
| ·Adaptation to psychological motivations | 第197-199页 |
| ·Adaptation to language users' intention/motivation by positive appraisals toward one's own side | 第197页 |
| ·Adaptation to language users' intention/motivation by omission of some important appraisals from the other side | 第197-198页 |
| ·Adaptation to language users' intention/motivation by different degrees of specificity of appraisal to the same event | 第198-199页 |
| ·Adaptation to emotions | 第199-200页 |
| ·Adaptation and multiplicity of meanings in reader's positioning | 第200-202页 |
| ·Summary | 第202-203页 |
| Chapter 8 Conclusion | 第203-208页 |
| ·Major findings and achievements | 第203-206页 |
| ·Limitations of this study | 第206-207页 |
| ·Suggestions for future researches | 第207-208页 |
| Bibliography | 第208-217页 |
| Appendix | 第217-232页 |
| Text 1: Two addresses made by President Bush to the nation | 第217-219页 |
| Text 2: A statement to the British House of Commons by Tony Blair on the 9/11 Event on September 14,2001 | 第219-223页 |
| Text 3: Two statements by Osama bin Laden, broadcast on Al Jazeera television in Qatar | 第223-226页 |
| Text 4: Statements from the Dalai Lama on how we should proceed in the aftermath of 9/11 | 第226-227页 |
| Text 5: International Crime, Not War | 第227-229页 |
| Text 6: Cultural and political dimensions necessary for stopping "terrorism" | 第229-232页 |
| Acknowledgments | 第232-234页 |
