| 中文摘要 | 第1-10页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第10-12页 |
| 1 Introduction | 第12-21页 |
| ·Background Information | 第12-16页 |
| ·The Importance of Analyzing Pragmatic Failure | 第16-17页 |
| ·The Importance of Teaching Pragmatic principles | 第17-19页 |
| ·Research Purpose and Target | 第19-21页 |
| 2 Literature Review of Studies on Pragmatic Failure | 第21-29页 |
| ·Pragmatic Competence | 第21-22页 |
| ·Studies on Pragmatic Failure | 第22-28页 |
| ·Definition | 第22-26页 |
| ·Sociopragmatic Failure | 第23-25页 |
| ·Pragmalinguistic Failure | 第25-26页 |
| ·Related Studies on Pragmatic Failure | 第26-28页 |
| ·Studies Abroad | 第26-27页 |
| ·Studies in China | 第27-28页 |
| ·Concluding Remarks | 第28-29页 |
| 3 The Investigation on Pragmatic Failure in Learning Spoken English | 第29-42页 |
| ·Research Methods | 第29-31页 |
| ·Questionnaire Designing and Data Collecting | 第31-33页 |
| ·Data Analysis: The Causes of Pragmatic Failure | 第33-41页 |
| ·Failure to Transfer Semantically or Syntactically Equivalent Structures | 第34-36页 |
| ·Failure to Judge or Interpret Behavior Differences | 第36页 |
| ·Factors Related to Teaching | 第36-38页 |
| ·Teaching Materials | 第37页 |
| ·Teaching Ways | 第37-38页 |
| ·Lexical Gap in Different Languages | 第38-40页 |
| ·The Use of Tongzhi | 第39页 |
| ·The Use of Xiansheng/Xiaojie | 第39-40页 |
| ·The Use of Pengyou | 第40页 |
| ·Differences in Pragmatic Rules | 第40-41页 |
| ·Concluding Remarks | 第41-42页 |
| 4 Pedagogical Implications for College English Teaching | 第42-60页 |
| ·Choices of Teaching Materials | 第42-43页 |
| ·Integrating Culture into Language Class | 第43-45页 |
| ·Relevant Pragmatic Knowledge about English Introduction | 第45-53页 |
| ·Introducing the CP and PP | 第46-48页 |
| ·Teaching Pragmatic Functions of Different Sentences | 第48-49页 |
| ·Avoiding Taboo Topics | 第49-50页 |
| ·Making Students Aware of the Context | 第50-53页 |
| ·Teacher Training on Pragmatic Competence Knowledge | 第53-55页 |
| ·English Practice with Foreigners | 第55-56页 |
| ·Designing Class Activities for Spoken English Practicing | 第56-58页 |
| ·Concluding Remarks | 第58-60页 |
| 5 Conclusion | 第60-63页 |
| APPENDIX I Questionnaire | 第63-70页 |
| APPENDIX II The Results of the Questionnaire | 第70-71页 |
| APPENDIX III Lesson Plan for Unit 10 "Approval and Disapproval | 第71-75页 |
| REFERENCES | 第75-81页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第81-82页 |
| 攻读学位期间发表的学术论文目录 | 第82页 |
