| 摘要 | 第1-5页 |
| Abstract | 第5-13页 |
| Introduction | 第13-16页 |
| ·Thesis Topic | 第13页 |
| ·Objective and Significance of the Study | 第13-14页 |
| ·Research Method | 第14页 |
| ·Organization of the Thesis | 第14-16页 |
| Chapter One Previous Researches on Gender Differences and Masculinity in Language | 第16-25页 |
| ·Basic Terms Related to the Study | 第16-17页 |
| ·Small Talk | 第16页 |
| ·Hegemonic Masculinity | 第16-17页 |
| ·Social Constructionism | 第17页 |
| ·Gender Differences in Language Uses | 第17-21页 |
| ·Phonetic and Intonational Differences | 第17-18页 |
| ·Lexical and Syntactic Differences | 第18-20页 |
| ·Conversational Style Differences | 第20-21页 |
| ·Masculinity in Language | 第21-22页 |
| ·Choice of Topics and the Amount of Talks | 第21-22页 |
| ·Manner of Talk and Communication Strategies | 第22页 |
| ·The Characteristics of Hegemonic Masculinity in Chinese | 第22-23页 |
| ·Traditional Virtues for Masculinity | 第23页 |
| ·Influence of Western Culture on the Viewpoint of Masculinity | 第23页 |
| ·Comments on the Previous Researches | 第23-25页 |
| Chapter Two Variation Theory | 第25-31页 |
| ·Sociolinguistic Patterns of Language | 第25-28页 |
| ·Social Class | 第25-26页 |
| ·Gender | 第26-27页 |
| ·Age | 第27页 |
| ·Social Network | 第27-28页 |
| ·The Appropriate Data for Linguistic Analysis | 第28-31页 |
| ·The Importance of Vernacular Speech | 第28-29页 |
| ·The Way of Getting Vernacular Speech Data | 第29-31页 |
| Chapter Three Research Methodology | 第31-37页 |
| ·Hypotheses | 第31页 |
| ·Research Subjects | 第31-32页 |
| ·Data Collection | 第32-35页 |
| ·Tape-recording of the Small Talk | 第32-33页 |
| ·Observation of the Daily Speech | 第33-34页 |
| ·Interview | 第34页 |
| ·An Attitude Questionnaire Survey on Some Verbal Behaviors | 第34-35页 |
| ·Data Processing | 第35-37页 |
| ·Transcription of the Speech Data | 第35页 |
| ·Analysis of the Interviews | 第35-36页 |
| ·Analysis of the Questionnaire Survey | 第36-37页 |
| Chapter Four Masculinity in Small Talk of Chinese | 第37-73页 |
| ·The Characteristics of Men’s Language | 第37-45页 |
| ·More Frequent Use of Minimal Response of Competitive Function | 第37-39页 |
| ·More Frequent Use of Taboo Language | 第39-41页 |
| ·More Frequent Use of Hedge with Referential Meaning | 第41-43页 |
| ·More Frequent Use of Modal Tag Question | 第43-45页 |
| ·The Way to Make Masculinity | 第45-65页 |
| ·The Choice of the Topics | 第45-47页 |
| ·The Gender of Characters in the Stories | 第47-50页 |
| ·The Achievement Stress in Storytelling | 第50-52页 |
| ·Homophobia and the Denial of Femininity | 第52-56页 |
| ·The Struggle to Express Vulnerability | 第56-59页 |
| ·The Avoidance of Self-disclosure | 第59-61页 |
| ·The Comments on Other’s Stories and Behaviors | 第61-65页 |
| ·The Attitude towards Some Verbal Behaviors | 第65-70页 |
| ·Attitude towards Expletives Use | 第65-66页 |
| ·Attitude towards Bragging | 第66-67页 |
| ·Attitude towards Self-mockery | 第67-68页 |
| ·Attitude towards Teasing | 第68-69页 |
| ·Attitude towards Gossip | 第69-70页 |
| ·Gender Construction | 第70-73页 |
| ·Language as a Way to Construct Gender Identity | 第70-71页 |
| ·Causes for Making Masculinity in Small Talk | 第71-73页 |
| Conclusion | 第73-75页 |
| Works Cited | 第75-84页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第84-85页 |
| Appendix A: Sample Data 1 | 第85-87页 |
| Appendix B: Sample Data 2 | 第87-88页 |
| Appendix C: Sample Data 3 | 第88-91页 |
| Appendix D: Sample Data 4 | 第91-93页 |
| Appendix E: Sample Data 5 | 第93-94页 |
| Appendix F: Questionnaire | 第94-96页 |
| Appendix G: The Interview of Lucy | 第96-99页 |
| Appendix H: The Interview of Watt | 第99-102页 |
| Appendix I: Coding for Each Factor Group | 第102-104页 |
| Appendix J: The Examples Form | 第104-105页 |
| Informative Abstract in Chinese | 第105-108页 |
| Résumé and Publications since Entering the Program | 第108页 |
