| ABSTRACT | 第5-7页 |
| 摘要 | 第8-16页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction and Review of Literature | 第16-41页 |
| 1.1 Effect of high temperature on plant growth | 第16-19页 |
| 1.1.1 Thermal tolerance in plants | 第17页 |
| 1.1.2 Seed germination response under heat stress | 第17页 |
| 1.1.3 Morphological symptoms caused by heat stress | 第17-18页 |
| 1.1.4 Heat stress and photosynthetic performance | 第18-19页 |
| 1.2 Effect of high temperature on reproductive growth of plant | 第19-22页 |
| 1.2.1 Effect of heat stress on flowering | 第19-20页 |
| 1.2.2 Effect of heat stress on pollen performance | 第20-21页 |
| 1.2.3 Fruit set under heat stress conditions | 第21页 |
| 1.2.4 Effect of heat stress on yield | 第21-22页 |
| 1.3 Effect of heat stress on tomato plants | 第22-26页 |
| 1.3.1 Heat stress induced flower shed in tomato | 第25页 |
| 1.3.2 Heat stress induced anther cone opening and style elongation in tomato flowers | 第25-26页 |
| 1.4 Assessment of heat stress effects | 第26-27页 |
| 1.5 Strategies to manage heat stress | 第27页 |
| 1.6 Heat acclimation | 第27-30页 |
| 1.6.1 Heat shock proteins | 第28-29页 |
| 1.6.2 Role of heat acclimation in survival and morphological characteristics | 第29页 |
| 1.6.3 Heat acclimation and oxidative stress | 第29-30页 |
| 1.6.4 Role of heat acclimation for membrane stability and reproductive growth | 第30页 |
| 1.7 Brassinosteroids | 第30-36页 |
| 1.7.1 Role of BRs in stress tolerance | 第30-31页 |
| 1.7.2 BR induced heat shock proteins | 第31页 |
| 1.7.3 Role of BRs to protect photosynthetic machinery under heat stress | 第31-32页 |
| 1.7.4 Role of BRs in biomass production and survival | 第32-33页 |
| 1.7.5 Effect of BRs on yield in heat stressed tomato plants | 第33页 |
| 1.7.6 Role of BRs in antioxidant enzymes activity | 第33-34页 |
| 1.7.7 Effect of BRs on dry mass in heat stressed plants | 第34页 |
| 1.7.8 Effect of BRs on necrotic leaves of plants under heat stress | 第34页 |
| 1.7.9 Role of BRs in protection of protein synthesis under heat stress | 第34页 |
| 1.7.10 Role of BRs on root growth | 第34-35页 |
| 1.7.11 Role of BRs on chlorophyll contents in heat stressed plants | 第35页 |
| 1.7.12 Effect of BRs on plant morphological features during heat stress | 第35页 |
| 1.7.13 Role of BRs in heat stress amelioration in tomato | 第35-36页 |
| 1.8 Acetyl salicylic acid for induction of heat tolerance in plants | 第36-39页 |
| 1.8.1 Role of SA/ASA in antioxidant activity | 第37-38页 |
| 1.8.2 Role of SA in photosynthesis in heat stressed plants | 第38页 |
| 1.8.3 Effect of SA on cell integrity in stressed plants | 第38页 |
| 1.8.4 Growth responses of ASA/SA in stressed plants | 第38-39页 |
| 1.9 Need of the present study | 第39-40页 |
| 1.10 Objectives | 第40-41页 |
| Chapter 2 Effect of Exogenous Acetyl Salicylic Acid and 24-Epibrassinolide on thePhotosynthesis, Chlorophyll contents and Membrane Thermostability of TomatoSeedlings Grown under Heat Stress in Growth Chamber | 第41-55页 |
| 2.1 Introduction | 第41-43页 |
| 2.2 Materials and Methods | 第43-46页 |
| 2.2.1 Growing seedlings | 第43页 |
| 2.2.2 Chemical treatments | 第43-44页 |
| 2.2.3 Heat treatment | 第44页 |
| 2.2.4 Photosynthesis | 第44-45页 |
| 2.2.5 Chlorophyll contents | 第45页 |
| 2.2.6 Cell membrane thermostability | 第45-46页 |
| 2.2.7 Experimental design and data analysis | 第46页 |
| 2.3 Results | 第46-52页 |
| 2.3.1 Plant survival | 第46-47页 |
| 2.3.2 Effect on membrane thermostability | 第47-48页 |
| 2.3.3 Effect on vegetative growth | 第48页 |
| 2.3.4 Effect on reproductive growth | 第48-49页 |
| 2.3.5 Effect on chlorophyll contents | 第49-50页 |
| 2.3.6 Effect on photosynthesis | 第50-52页 |
| 2.4 Discussion | 第52-54页 |
| 2.5 Summary | 第54-55页 |
| Chapter 3 Effect of Acetyl Salicylic Acid and 24-Epibrassinolide on Root Activity andRoot Morphological Features in Tomato Plants Grown under Heat Stress in GrowthChamber | 第55-67页 |
| 3.1 Introduction | 第55-58页 |
| 3.2 Materials and Methods | 第58-60页 |
| 3.2.1 Growing seedlings | 第58页 |
| 3.2.2 Chemical treatments | 第58-59页 |
| 3.2.3 Heat treatment | 第59页 |
| 3.2.4 Root architecture | 第59页 |
| 3.2.5 Root activity | 第59-60页 |
| 3.2.6 Experimental design and data analysis | 第60页 |
| 3.3 Results | 第60-63页 |
| 3.3.1 Root architecture | 第60-62页 |
| 3.3.1.1 Root length | 第60-61页 |
| 3.3.1.2 Surface area | 第61页 |
| 3.3.1.3 Root volume and diameter | 第61页 |
| 3.3.1.4 No. of root connections and nodes | 第61-62页 |
| 3.3.2 Root activity | 第62-63页 |
| 3.4 Discussion | 第63-65页 |
| 3.5 Summary | 第65-67页 |
| Chapter 4 Effect of 24-Epibrassinolide and Acetyl Salicylic Acid on Tomato PlantPerformance Grown under Acute Heat Stress Conditions in Plastic Tunnel | 第67-101页 |
| 4.1 Introduction | 第67-68页 |
| 4.2 Materials and Methods | 第68-73页 |
| 4.2.1 Site description and experimental design | 第68-69页 |
| 4.2.2 Chemical treatments | 第69页 |
| 4.2.3 Measurement of heat stress | 第69-70页 |
| 4.2.4 Photosynthesis | 第70页 |
| 4.2.5 Chlorophyll contents | 第70页 |
| 4.2.6 Cell membrane thermostability | 第70-71页 |
| 4.2.7 Plant enzymes | 第71页 |
| 4.2.8 Plant growth | 第71页 |
| 4.2.9 Fruit quality | 第71-73页 |
| 4.2.10 Nutrient contents in stem and roots | 第73页 |
| 4.2.11 Statistical analysis | 第73页 |
| 4.3 Results | 第73-95页 |
| 4.3.1 Plant growth | 第73-80页 |
| 4.3.1.1 Effect of EBL and ASA on vegetative growth under acute heat stress | 第74-76页 |
| 4.3.1.1.1 Plant height | 第74页 |
| 4.3.1.1.2 Stem thickness | 第74页 |
| 4.3.1.1.3 Leaf count | 第74-75页 |
| 4.3.1.1.4 Leaf area | 第75-76页 |
| 4.3.1.1.5 Stem and root dry mass accumulation | 第76页 |
| 4.3.1.1.6 Biomass produced | 第76页 |
| 4.3.1.2 Effect of EBL and ASA on reproductive growth under acute heat stress | 第76-80页 |
| 4.3.1.2.1 Flower count per plant | 第77页 |
| 4.3.1.2.2 Flower drop per plant | 第77-78页 |
| 4.3.1.2.3 Fruit count per plant | 第78页 |
| 4.3.1.2.4 Seed count per fruit | 第78-79页 |
| 4.3.1.2.5 Yield per plant | 第79-80页 |
| 4.3.2 Membrane thermostability | 第80-81页 |
| 4.3.3 Effect of chemical treatment on leaf-tip Sun burn | 第81页 |
| 4.3.4 Fruit quality | 第81-86页 |
| 4.3.4.1 Fruit pH and TSS (°Brix) | 第81-82页 |
| 4.3.4.2 Fruit soluble sugar | 第82-83页 |
| 4.3.4.3 Vitamin C contents | 第83-84页 |
| 4.3.4.4 Protein contents | 第84-86页 |
| 4.3.4.5 Fruit dry mass (%) | 第86页 |
| 4.3.5 Leaf chlorophyll contents | 第86-89页 |
| 4.3.6 Photosynthetic performance | 第89页 |
| 4.3.7 Antioxidant enzymes | 第89-93页 |
| 4.3.8 Effect of 24-EBL and ASA on NPK contents in stem and roots | 第93-95页 |
| 4.4 Discussion | 第95-98页 |
| 4.5 Estimation of economic feasibility of the 24-EBL and ASA application (per acre basis) | 第98-99页 |
| 4.5.1 Economic feasibility of 24-EBL | 第98页 |
| 4.5.2 Economic feasibility of Acetyl-SA | 第98-99页 |
| 4.6 Summary | 第99-101页 |
| Chapter 5 Performance Evaluation of Heat Acclimated Tomatoes in Controlled andField Conditions | 第101-119页 |
| 5.1 Introduction | 第101-102页 |
| 5.2 Materials and Methods | 第102-106页 |
| 5.2.1 Effect of heat acclimation on thermotolerance of tomato seedlings in controlled conditions | 第102-104页 |
| 5.2.1.1 Growing seedlings | 第102-103页 |
| 5.2.1.2 Heat acclimation | 第103页 |
| 5.2.1.3 Heat stress treatment | 第103页 |
| 5.2.1.4 Survival | 第103页 |
| 5.2.1.5 Cell membrane thermostability | 第103-104页 |
| 5.2.2 Performance evaluation of heat acclimated tomato plants under moderate (open field) and chronic heat stress (plastic tunnel) | 第104-106页 |
| 5.2.2.1 Photosynthesis | 第104-105页 |
| 5.2.2.2 Chlorophyll contents | 第105页 |
| 5.2.2.3 Vegetative and reproductive plant growth | 第105页 |
| 5.2.2.4 Metrological data | 第105-106页 |
| 5.2.3 Experimental design and data analysis | 第106页 |
| 5.3 Results and Discussion | 第106-117页 |
| 5.3.1 Survival against lethal heat shock | 第106-107页 |
| 5.3.2 Cell membrane thermostability in growth chamber seedlings | 第107页 |
| 5.3.3 Survival under field conditions | 第107-108页 |
| 5.3.4 Membrane thermostability of field plants | 第108-109页 |
| 5.3.5 Chlorophyll contents | 第109-111页 |
| 5.3.6 Photosynthetic performance | 第111-113页 |
| 5.3.7 Vegetative growth under chronic heat stress conditions (inside plastic tunnel) | 第113-114页 |
| 5.3.8 Reproductive growth at chronic heat stress conditions (inside plastic tunnel) | 第114-116页 |
| 5.3.8.1 Flower | 第114-115页 |
| 5.3.8.2 Fruit | 第115-116页 |
| 5.3.9 Vegetative growth at moderate heat stress conditions | 第116页 |
| 5.3.10 Reproductive growth at moderate heat stress conditions | 第116-117页 |
| 5.3.10.1 Flower | 第116-117页 |
| 5.3.10.2 Fruit | 第117页 |
| 5.4 Summary | 第117-119页 |
| Chapter 6 Effect of 24-Epibrassinolide on Pollen Germination | 第119-125页 |
| 6.1 Introduction | 第119-121页 |
| 6.2 Materials and methods | 第121-122页 |
| 6.2.1 Collection of flowers | 第121页 |
| 6.2.2 Pollen growth medium (PGM) and preparation of treatments | 第121-122页 |
| 6.2.3 Yielding pollen, inocculation and incubation | 第122页 |
| 6.2.4 Data collection and statistical analysis | 第122页 |
| 6.3 Results and Discussion | 第122-124页 |
| 6.4 Summary | 第124-125页 |
| REFERENCES | 第125-146页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 第146-147页 |
| ABOUT THE AUTHOR | 第147页 |
