| SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS | 第1-7页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第7-8页 |
| 摘要 | 第8-9页 |
| Abstract | 第9-11页 |
| 前言 | 第11-15页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction and Remarks | 第15-17页 |
| ·Defining scalar implicatures | 第15-16页 |
| ·The rational for studying scalar implicatures | 第16-17页 |
| Chapter 2 General Survey on Scalar Implicatures | 第17-32页 |
| ·Basic definition of scalar implicatures | 第17-19页 |
| ·The origin of scalar implicatures | 第17-18页 |
| ·The property of scalar implicatures——defeasibility | 第18页 |
| ·Conditions of scale item | 第18-19页 |
| ·Background on the pragmatics of scalar terms | 第19页 |
| ·Previous research on scalar implicatures | 第19-32页 |
| ·Theory review | 第19-26页 |
| ·Grice's approach and its problems | 第19-20页 |
| ·Neo-Gricean approach and its problem | 第20-24页 |
| ·Post-Gricean's approach and its problem | 第24-26页 |
| ·Experimental study of scalar implicatures | 第26-29页 |
| ·Experimental study of language acquisition based on scalar implicatures | 第26-28页 |
| ·Experimental study of testing the feature of scalar implicatures | 第28-29页 |
| ·Logic Review and its problem | 第29-32页 |
| Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework: Default Theory | 第32-42页 |
| ·Nonmonotonic Inference——The logic base of default theory | 第32-37页 |
| ·The definition of nonmonotonic logic | 第32页 |
| ·The importance of nonmonotonic logic | 第32页 |
| ·The conception of nonmonotonic inference | 第32-33页 |
| ·Typology of Nonmonotonic Reasoning System | 第33-37页 |
| ·Default Theory: the theoretical framework | 第37-42页 |
| ·The formulae of default theory | 第37页 |
| ·The explanation of default reasoning | 第37-39页 |
| ·The characteristics of default reasoning | 第39页 |
| ·Applications of default reasoning | 第39-42页 |
| ·Inheritance hierarchies | 第39-40页 |
| ·Closed-world database | 第40页 |
| ·Diagnosis | 第40-41页 |
| ·Reasoning about action | 第41-42页 |
| Chapter 4 Scalar implicature: A default approach | 第42-62页 |
| ·Problems in understanding scalar implicatures | 第42-45页 |
| ·Problem about the definition of scalar implicatures | 第42-43页 |
| ·Problem about condition of scalar implicatures | 第43-44页 |
| ·Dispute on scalar implicatures — GCI or PCI | 第44-45页 |
| ·The interface between Scalar implicatures and Default theory | 第45-62页 |
| ·Default property of scalar implicatures | 第45-47页 |
| ·Applying default reasoning to understanding scalar implicatures with different sorts of items | 第47-62页 |
| ·Entailed scalar items with default reasoning | 第48-51页 |
| ·Superordinate and subordinate scalar item | 第51-52页 |
| ·Nonce scalar item | 第52-54页 |
| ·Putative scale | 第54-55页 |
| ·Grammatical morpheme scale item | 第55-56页 |
| ·Definite and indefinite article | 第56-58页 |
| ·Others | 第58-62页 |
| Chapter 5 Conclusion and Remarks | 第62-65页 |
| ·Summary of the thesis | 第62-65页 |
| ·Contribution of the thesis | 第62-63页 |
| ·Application | 第63页 |
| ·Remaining problems | 第63-65页 |
| References | 第65-68页 |
