| Table of Contents | 第1-7页 |
| 摘要 | 第7-9页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第9-11页 |
| ABBREVIATIONS | 第11-13页 |
| 1. Introduction | 第13-32页 |
| ·Abiotic stress | 第14-19页 |
| ·Drought | 第15-16页 |
| ·Extremes of temperature | 第16-17页 |
| ·Salinity | 第17-19页 |
| ·Reactive oxygen species:their generation and effects | 第19-21页 |
| ·Compatible solutes:role in stress tolerance | 第21-23页 |
| ·ABA and signalling components | 第23-25页 |
| ·Co-suppression and related phenomena | 第25-27页 |
| ·Early Responsive to Dehydration (ERD) genes | 第27-30页 |
| ·Objectives | 第30-32页 |
| 2. Materials and Methods | 第32-41页 |
| ·Plant material and stress treatments | 第32页 |
| ·Molecular cloning of the SpERD15 genes and promoter region | 第32-34页 |
| ·Plant transformation and regeneration | 第34页 |
| ·Molecular analysis of transgenic plants | 第34-35页 |
| ·Bioinformatics analysis | 第35页 |
| ·GFP fusion construct and transient expression assay | 第35-36页 |
| ·Protein expression and stress tolerance assays in E. coli | 第36页 |
| ·Stress experiments for SpERD15-1 | 第36-39页 |
| ·Drought stress | 第36-37页 |
| ·Salt tolerance assays | 第37页 |
| ·Cold stress assays | 第37-38页 |
| ·Osmotic and oxidative stress assays | 第38页 |
| ·Determination of MDA, proline and soluble sugar content | 第38页 |
| ·Measurement of chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency | 第38-39页 |
| ·Membrane permeability test | 第39页 |
| ·Leaf area measurement | 第39页 |
| ·Stress experiments for SpERD15-2 | 第39-41页 |
| ·Drought tolerance assays | 第39-40页 |
| ·Salt stress assays | 第40页 |
| ·Osmotic stress assays | 第40页 |
| ·Oxidative stress assay | 第40页 |
| ·MDA estimation | 第40页 |
| ·Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Assay | 第40-41页 |
| 3. Results | 第41-67页 |
| ·Characterization of SpERD15 genes | 第41-45页 |
| ·Subcellular localization of two SpERD15 proteins | 第45页 |
| ·Expression profiles of SpERD15-1 and SpERD15-2 | 第45-47页 |
| ·Expression in different organs | 第45页 |
| ·Expression in response to different treatments | 第45-47页 |
| ·Production of transgenic tobacco expressing SpERD15-1 | 第47-49页 |
| ·Drought tolerance of SpERD15-1 plants was related to protected PSII | 第49-50页 |
| ·Over-expression of SpERD15-1 confers salinity tolerance | 第50-52页 |
| ·Tissue tolerance of SpERD15-1 to salt and oxidative stress | 第52-54页 |
| ·Cold tolerance of SpERD15-1 transgenic plants | 第54-55页 |
| ·Differential tolerance of transgenic lines to osmotic stress | 第55页 |
| ·Osmolytes contents of transgenic lines under stress conditions | 第55-56页 |
| ·Lipid peroxidation of SpERD15-1 transgenic plants | 第56-58页 |
| ·Expression of stress-related genes in transgenic tobacco plants | 第58-59页 |
| ·Generation of transgenic tomato plants expressing SpERD15-2 | 第59-60页 |
| ·Drought tolerance of SpERD 15-2 over-expression plants | 第60-61页 |
| ·Effect of salinity on SpERD15-2 transgenic plants | 第61-62页 |
| ·SpERD15-2 over-expression improved osmotic stress tolerance | 第62-63页 |
| ·Alleviation of oxidative stress by over-expression of SpERD15-2 | 第63-64页 |
| ·Growth response of E. coli to different stress treatments | 第64-65页 |
| ·In vivo interaction of SpERD15-2 with PABP | 第65-67页 |
| 4. Discussion | 第67-79页 |
| ·Promoter analysis revealed involvement of SpERD15 in stress tolerance | 第67-68页 |
| ·SpERD15 gene are developmentally regulated and affected by stress conditions | 第68页 |
| ·PAM2 motif of SpERD15 genes is responsible for in vivo interaction with PABP | 第68-69页 |
| ·SpERD15-1 over-expression induced co-suppression | 第69-70页 |
| ·Physiological role of SpERD15-1 in stress tolerance and possible mechanism | 第70-73页 |
| ·SpERD15-2 over-expression augmented drought but not salt tolerance | 第73-75页 |
| ·SpERD15-2 is involved in oxidative stress tolerance | 第75-76页 |
| ·Possible mechanism of action of SpERD15-2 | 第76-77页 |
| ·Why function of SpERD15 genes is different from AtERD15? | 第77-79页 |
| 5. Conclusion and Future Perspectives | 第79-81页 |
| 6. References | 第81-99页 |
| APPENDIX | 第99-113页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第113-115页 |
