| Abstract | 第5-6页 |
| 摘要 | 第7-11页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第11-14页 |
| 1.1 Purpose of the study | 第11页 |
| 1.2 Introduction of Desperate Housewives | 第11-12页 |
| 1.3 Methodology and data collection | 第12-13页 |
| 1.4 Organization of the study | 第13-14页 |
| Chapter Two Theoretical framework | 第14-37页 |
| 2.1 Hedges | 第14-25页 |
| 2.1.1 Fuzzy language | 第14-15页 |
| 2.1.2 Definitions of hedges | 第15-18页 |
| 2.1.2.1 Definitions from philosophical perspective | 第15-16页 |
| 2.1.2.2 Definitions from semantic perspective | 第16-17页 |
| 2.1.2.3 Definitions from pragmatic perspective | 第17-18页 |
| 2.1.3 Classifications of hedges | 第18-22页 |
| 2.1.3.1 Classifications from foreign scholars’ point of view | 第19-20页 |
| 2.1.3.2 Classifications from domastic scholars’ point of view | 第20-22页 |
| 2.1.4 Functions of hedges | 第22-25页 |
| 2.1.4.1 Semantic functions of hedges | 第22-23页 |
| 2.1.4.2 Pragmatic functions of hedges | 第23-25页 |
| 2.2 Pragmatic principles and hedges | 第25-37页 |
| 2.2.1 Cooperative principle | 第25-29页 |
| 2.2.1.1 Maxims of cooperative principle | 第26页 |
| 2.2.1.2 Maxims and hedges | 第26-29页 |
| 2.2.2 Politeness principle | 第29-33页 |
| 2.2.2.1 Maxims of politeness principle | 第30页 |
| 2.2.2.2 Maxims and hedges | 第30-33页 |
| 2.2.3 Face-saving theory | 第33-37页 |
| 2.2.3.1 Negative politeness strategy and hedges | 第34-35页 |
| 2.2.3.2 Positive politeness strategy and hedges | 第35-37页 |
| Chapter Three Analysis of Hedges in Desperate Housewives | 第37-74页 |
| 3.1 Research method and data description | 第37-39页 |
| 3.2 Cooperative principle and hedges | 第39-52页 |
| 3.2.1 Maxim of quantity and quality | 第39-48页 |
| 3.2.1.1 Realization of quantity and quality hedges | 第40-47页 |
| 3.2.1.2 Analysis of quantity and quality hedges | 第47-48页 |
| 3.2.2 Maxim of relation and manner | 第48-52页 |
| 3.2.2.1 Realization of relation and manner hedges | 第48-51页 |
| 3.2.2.2 Analysis of relation and manner hedges | 第51-52页 |
| 3.3 Politeness principle and hedges | 第52-61页 |
| 3.3.1 Maxim of tact and genrosity | 第52-55页 |
| 3.3.1.1 Realization of tact and genrosity hedges | 第52-55页 |
| 3.3.1.2 Analysis of tact and genrosity hedges | 第55页 |
| 3.3.2 Maxim of approbation and modest | 第55-58页 |
| 3.3.2.1 Realization of approbation and modest hedges | 第55-57页 |
| 3.3.2.2 Analysis of approbation and modest hedges | 第57-58页 |
| 3.3.3 Maxim of agreement and sympathy | 第58-61页 |
| 3.3.3.1 Realization of agreement and sympathy hedges | 第58-61页 |
| 3.3.3.2 Analysis of agreement and sympathy hedges | 第61页 |
| 3.4 Face-saving theory and hedges | 第61-68页 |
| 3.4.1 Negative politeness strategy and hedges | 第61-65页 |
| 3.4.1.1 Realization of negative politeness hedges | 第62-65页 |
| 3.4.1.2 Analysis s of negative politeness hedges | 第65页 |
| 3.4.2 Positive politeness strategy and hedges | 第65-68页 |
| 3.4.2.1 Realization of positive politeness hedges | 第65-68页 |
| 3.4.2.2 Analysis of positive politeness hedges | 第68页 |
| 3.5 Analysis of factors influencing hedging choices | 第68-74页 |
| 3.5.1 Interpersonal factors | 第68-70页 |
| 3.5.1.1 Smooth-experssion | 第69页 |
| 3.5.1.2 Tactful-expression | 第69-70页 |
| 3.5.1.3 Emotional-expression | 第70页 |
| 3.5.2 Contextual factors | 第70-72页 |
| 3.5.2.1 Colloquial language | 第71页 |
| 3.5.2.2 Temporal and spatial deixis | 第71-72页 |
| 3.5.3 Social factors | 第72-74页 |
| 3.5.3.1 Gender characteristics | 第72-73页 |
| 3.5.3.2 Occupational and educational characteristics | 第73-74页 |
| Chapter Four Conclusion | 第74-77页 |
| 4.1 Major findings of the study | 第74-75页 |
| 4.2 Significance of the study | 第75页 |
| 4.3 Limitations of the study | 第75-76页 |
| 4.4 Suggestions for further study | 第76-77页 |
| Bibliography | 第77-80页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第80页 |
