| 摘要 | 第7-9页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第9-11页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第17-36页 |
| 1.1.Research background | 第17-21页 |
| 1.2.Literature review | 第21-35页 |
| 1.2.1.Selenium bioavailability in soil | 第21-22页 |
| 1.2.2.Effects of soil properties on Se bioavailability | 第22-26页 |
| 1.2.3.Assessment of Se bioavailability in soil-plant system | 第26-28页 |
| 1.2.4.Effect of manure amendments on Se bioavailability | 第28-31页 |
| 1.2.5.Biogeochemistry of selenium at the soil-root interface | 第31-35页 |
| 1.3.Research content | 第35页 |
| 1.4.Main research outline | 第35-36页 |
| Chapter 2 Effect of cow and chicken manure amendments on selenium fraction transformation and its bioavailability during aging process of exogenous selenite species | 第36-59页 |
| 2.1.Introduction | 第36-38页 |
| 2.2.Materials and methods | 第38-41页 |
| 2.2.1.Soil and organic amendment and their physiochemical properties | 第38页 |
| 2.2.2.Soil incubation | 第38-40页 |
| 2.2.3.Sequential extraction of soil selenium | 第40-41页 |
| 2.2.4.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis | 第41页 |
| 2.2.5.Quality control and statistical analysis | 第41页 |
| 2.3.Results | 第41-52页 |
| 2.3.1.Soil pH and DOC during aging process | 第41-43页 |
| 2.3.2.Se fraction and distribution during aging process | 第43-45页 |
| 2.3.3.The dynamic changes of available Se during aging | 第45-49页 |
| 2.3.4.Dynamic changes in the OM-Se fraction during aging | 第49-50页 |
| 2.3.5.FTIR spectra characteristics of DOM | 第50-52页 |
| 2.4.Discussions | 第52-57页 |
| 2.4.1.Effect of DOC and pH on Se availability | 第52-54页 |
| 2.4.2.The speciation transformation of available-Se and potential available Se during aging | 第54-57页 |
| 2.5.Conclusions | 第57-59页 |
| Chapter 3 Effect of cow and chicken manure amendments on selenium fraction transformation and its bioavailability during aging process of exogenous selenate species | 第59-79页 |
| 3.1.Introduction | 第59-60页 |
| 3.2.Materials and methods | 第60-61页 |
| 3.2.1.Soil and organic amendment and their physiochemical properties | 第60页 |
| 3.2.2.Soil incubation | 第60-61页 |
| 3.2.3.Sequential extraction of soil selenium | 第61页 |
| 3.2.4.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis | 第61页 |
| 3.2.5.Statistical analysis | 第61页 |
| 3.3.Results | 第61-72页 |
| 3.3.1.Soil pH and DOC during aging process | 第61-63页 |
| 3.3.2.Se fraction and distribution during the aging | 第63-65页 |
| 3.3.3.The dynamic changes of available Se during aging | 第65-69页 |
| 3.3.4.Dynamic changes in the OM-Se fraction during aging | 第69-70页 |
| 3.3.5.FTIR spectra characteristics of DOM | 第70-72页 |
| 3.4.Discussions | 第72-77页 |
| 3.4.1.Effect of DOC and pH on Se availability | 第72-75页 |
| 3.4.2.The speciation transformation of available-Se and potential available Se during aging | 第75-77页 |
| 3.5.Conclusions | 第77-79页 |
| Chapter 4 Effect of manure amendments and root-induced changes on Se fractionation and plant uptake of Brassica juncea(L.)Czern.et Coss | 第79-94页 |
| 4.1.Introduction | 第79-80页 |
| 4.2.Materials and methods | 第80-81页 |
| 4.2.1.Soil and manure amendments and their physiochemical properties | 第80页 |
| 4.2.2.Experiment design | 第80页 |
| 4.2.3.Sequential extraction of soil selenium | 第80-81页 |
| 4.2.4.Plant analyses | 第81页 |
| 4.2.5.Quality control and statistical analysis | 第81页 |
| 4.3.Results | 第81-87页 |
| 4.3.1.Interactive effects of manure and plant root on soil pH | 第81-82页 |
| 4.3.2.Interactive effects of manure and plant root on soil DOC | 第82-83页 |
| 4.3.3.Distribution of Se fraction in the rhizosphere,bulk and unplanted soil | 第83-85页 |
| 4.3.4.Interactive effects of manure and plant root on selenium species | 第85-86页 |
| 4.3.5.Se uptake by plants | 第86-87页 |
| 4.4.Discussions | 第87-92页 |
| 4.4.1.The role of pH and DOC in determining the bioavailability of Se | 第87-89页 |
| 4.4.2.Effect of manure and plant root on Se fraction and speciation | 第89-91页 |
| 4.4.3.Effect of manure and plant roots on Se uptake by Brassica juncea(L.)Czern.et Coss | 第91-92页 |
| 4.5.Conclusions | 第92-94页 |
| Chapter 5 Role of organic manure and the rhizosphere processes in determining the bioavailability of selenium in the soil-plant system | 第94-108页 |
| 5.1.Introduction | 第94-95页 |
| 5.2.Materials and methods | 第95-97页 |
| 5.2.1.Soil and manure amendments and their physiochemical properties | 第95页 |
| 5.2.2.Experiment design | 第95-96页 |
| 5.2.3.Sequential extraction of soil selenium | 第96页 |
| 5.2.4.Plant analyses | 第96页 |
| 5.2.5.Selenium mobility and transfer to plant | 第96页 |
| 5.2.6.Quality control and statistical analysis | 第96-97页 |
| 5.3.Results | 第97-103页 |
| 5.3.1.Effect of organic manure and the rhizosphere processes on soil pH | 第97页 |
| 5.3.2.Effect of organic manure and the rhizosphere processes on the quantity and quality of soil DOC | 第97-99页 |
| 5.3.3.Selenium available and its distribution in the rhizosphere and unplanted soil | 第99-101页 |
| 5.3.4.Se uptake by plants | 第101-103页 |
| 5.4.Discussions | 第103-106页 |
| 5.4.1.Effect of organic manure and the rhizosphere process on Se bioavailability | 第103-105页 |
| 5.4.2.Effect of manure and plant roots on Se uptake by Brassica juncea(L.)Czern.et Coss | 第105-106页 |
| 5.5.Conclusions | 第106-108页 |
| Chapter 6 DGT and DOM-Se species extracted by selective extractions:Performance evaluation for the measurement of selenite in the soil-plant system with manure application | 第108-125页 |
| 6.1.Introduction | 第108-109页 |
| 6.2.Materials and methods | 第109-112页 |
| 6.2.1.Soil and manure amendments and their physiochemical properties | 第109-110页 |
| 6.2.2.Pot experiment design | 第110页 |
| 6.2.3.Chemical extraction | 第110-111页 |
| 6.2.4.DGT and soil solution measurements | 第111-112页 |
| 6.2.5.Data analysis | 第112页 |
| 6.3.Results | 第112-119页 |
| 6.3.1.Plant growth in response to cow and chicken manure addition | 第112-113页 |
| 6.3.2.Plant selenium uptake | 第113-114页 |
| 6.3.3.Labile Se in soils assessed by selective extractions | 第114-116页 |
| 6.3.4.Labile Se in soils assessed by DGT technique | 第116-117页 |
| 6.3.5.Relationship of plant Se concentration with CDGT and DOM-Se species | 第117-119页 |
| 6.4.Discussions | 第119-123页 |
| 6.4.1.Biomass and Se contents of Brassica juncea(L.)Czern.et Coss with adding manure and selenite | 第119-120页 |
| 6.4.2.Effect of manure on the fate of labile DOM-Se-extracted by selective extraction | 第120-121页 |
| 6.4.3.Effect of manure on the resupply of Se from soil solid phase to soil solution | 第121-122页 |
| 6.4.4.Se bioavailability assessment by DGT techniques and DOM-Se-extracted species | 第122-123页 |
| 6.5.Conclusions | 第123-125页 |
| Chapter 7 DGT and DOM-Se species extracted by selective extractions:Performance evaluation for the measurement of selenate in the soil-plant system with manure application | 第125-142页 |
| 7.1.Introduction | 第125-126页 |
| 7.2.Materials and methods | 第126-128页 |
| 7.2.1.Soil and manure amendments and their physiochemical properties | 第126页 |
| 7.2.2.Pot experiment design | 第126-127页 |
| 7.2.3.Chemical extraction | 第127页 |
| 7.2.4.DGT and soil solution measurements | 第127-128页 |
| 7.2.5.Data analysis | 第128页 |
| 7.3.Results | 第128-136页 |
| 7.3.1.Biomass and Se contents of Chinese mustard after adding organic materials into soils | 第128-130页 |
| 7.3.2.Labile Se in soils assessed by selective extractions | 第130-132页 |
| 7.3.3.Labile Se in soils assessed by DGT technique | 第132-134页 |
| 7.3.4.Relationship of plant Se concentration with CDGT and DOM-Se species | 第134-136页 |
| 7.4.Discussions | 第136-140页 |
| 7.4.1.Biomass and Se contents of Brassica juncea(L.)Czern.et Coss with adding manure and selenate | 第136-137页 |
| 7.4.2.Effect of manure on the fate of labile DOM-Se-extracted by selective extraction | 第137-138页 |
| 7.4.3.Effect of manure on the resupply of Se from soil solid phase to soil solution | 第138-139页 |
| 7.4.4.Se bioavailability assessment by DGT techniques and DOM-Se-extracted species | 第139-140页 |
| 7.5.Conclusions | 第140-142页 |
| Chapter 8 Mobilization of selenium from seleniferous soil by organic acids | 第142-150页 |
| 8.1.Introduction | 第142-143页 |
| 8.2.Materials and methods | 第143-144页 |
| 8.2.1.Soil samples and characterization | 第143页 |
| 8.2.2.Experiment design | 第143-144页 |
| 8.2.3.Data analysis | 第144页 |
| 8.3.Results | 第144-146页 |
| 8.3.1.Selenium released from seleniferous soil by LMWOAs | 第144-145页 |
| 8.3.2.Iron released from seleniferous soil by LMWOAs | 第145-146页 |
| 8.4.Discussions | 第146-149页 |
| 8.5.Conclusions | 第149-150页 |
| Chapter 9 Conclusion and future perspectives | 第150-153页 |
| 9.1.General conclusion | 第150-152页 |
| 9.2.Perspectives | 第152-153页 |
| REFERENCE | 第153-181页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第181-182页 |
| ABOUT THE AUTHOR | 第182-183页 |
| PUBLICATIONS AND AWARDs | 第183-184页 |
