| Acknowledgements | 第3-4页 |
| Abstract in Chinese | 第4-5页 |
| Abstract in English | 第5-6页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第8-11页 |
| 1.1 The Aims and Significance of the Present Research | 第8-10页 |
| 1.2 The Composition of the Thesis | 第10-11页 |
| Chapter Two Confucius, Lun Yu, and Its English Translations | 第11-26页 |
| 2.1 About Confucius | 第11-14页 |
| 2.1.1 Confucius’Life | 第11-12页 |
| 2.1.2 Confucius’Influence | 第12-14页 |
| 2.2 About Lun Yu | 第14-16页 |
| 2.3 The Translation History of Lun Yu | 第16-18页 |
| 2.4 General Review of the Two Versions by Arthur Waley and Ku Hungming | 第18-22页 |
| 2.4.1 Arthur Waley and His Translation | 第18-20页 |
| 2.4.2 Ku Hungming and His Translation | 第20-22页 |
| 2.5 Previous Research on the English Translations by Waley and Ku | 第22-26页 |
| Chapter Three Theoretical Framework | 第26-34页 |
| 3.1 Definition of Translation | 第26-27页 |
| 3.2 Loss and Gain in Translation | 第27-28页 |
| 3.3 The Issue of Translatability | 第28-34页 |
| 3.3.1 The Universalist Approach | 第28-29页 |
| 3.3.2 The Monadist Approach | 第29-34页 |
| 3.3.2.1 From the Perspective of Wilhelm von Humboldt | 第29-30页 |
| 3.3.2.2 From the Perspective of Leo Weisgerber | 第30页 |
| 3.3.2.3 Definition and Classfication of Untranslatability by J. C. Catford | 第30-34页 |
| Chapter Four A Comparative Analysis of the Translations Selected from Waley’s and Ku’s Versions | 第34-58页 |
| 4.1 The Reduction of Cultural Untranslatability | 第34-46页 |
| 4.1.1 Analogies Drawn between Figures in Western and Chinese Cultures | 第34-41页 |
| 4.1.2 Substitution of Cultural Concepts | 第41-44页 |
| 4.1.3 Quotations from Western Scholars | 第44-46页 |
| 4.2 The Reduction of Linguistic Untranslatability | 第46-48页 |
| 4.3 Problematic Translations in the Two Versions | 第48-53页 |
| 4.4 Novel Interpretation of the First Chapter in Lun Yu | 第53-58页 |
| Chapter Five Conclusion | 第58-60页 |
| Bibliography | 第60-65页 |
