| Acknowledgements | 第1-5页 |
| 摘要 | 第5-7页 |
| Abstracts | 第7-11页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第11-16页 |
| ·The search for a name | 第12-13页 |
| ·The study of multilingual contact in the learner | 第13-14页 |
| ·How transfer causes fossilization during second and third language learning | 第14-16页 |
| ·What is "fossilization" | 第14-15页 |
| ·Language transfer and fossilization | 第15-16页 |
| Chapter Two Literature Review and Some Major Transfer Principles | 第16-20页 |
| ·Evolution of perspectives on transfer | 第16-19页 |
| ·Anderson's transfer to somewhere principle (1983) | 第17页 |
| ·Kelerman's Nowhere Principle (1995) | 第17-19页 |
| ·Selinker and Lakshmanan's Multiple Effective Principle (1993) | 第19页 |
| ·Summary | 第19-20页 |
| Chapter Three Variables That Affect Cross-linguistic Influences | 第20-49页 |
| ·Introduction | 第20页 |
| ·Lexical transfer | 第20-30页 |
| ·Vocabulary transfer triggered by cultural differences between English and Chinese | 第21页 |
| ·Culture difference | 第21-23页 |
| ·Lexical transfer triggered by cultural differences between English and Japanese | 第23-26页 |
| ·The written language of Japanese | 第23-24页 |
| ·Sentence structure and word order of Japanese | 第24-26页 |
| ·English loanwords in Japanese---the built-in lexicon | 第26-30页 |
| ·Negative lexical transfer | 第27-28页 |
| ·Positive lexical transfer | 第28-30页 |
| ·Pragmatic transfer | 第30-34页 |
| ·Politeness | 第31页 |
| ·Requests | 第31-32页 |
| ·Apologies | 第32-34页 |
| ·Lack of counterparts | 第34页 |
| ·Language typology and language mode | 第34-41页 |
| ·Word order | 第35-36页 |
| ·Head directionality | 第36-37页 |
| ·Subject prominent VS topic prominent | 第37-38页 |
| ·+project-drop language VS -project-drop language | 第38-39页 |
| ·Language mode | 第39-41页 |
| ·Proficiency and educational background | 第41-46页 |
| ·Linguistic awareness and social context | 第46-49页 |
| Chapter Four Learning Strategies Applied to Second and Third Language Acquisition and Transfer Training | 第49-63页 |
| ·Introduction | 第49页 |
| ·Major L2 learning strategies | 第49-51页 |
| ·The Interlanguage theory | 第50页 |
| ·Metacognitive strategies | 第50页 |
| ·Planning strategies | 第50页 |
| ·Monitoring strategies | 第50-51页 |
| ·Cognitive strategies | 第51页 |
| ·Deduction/induction and transfer strategies | 第51页 |
| ·Social and affective strategies | 第51页 |
| ·L2 Strategies training | 第51-52页 |
| ·Types of multilingualism | 第52-53页 |
| ·Third language acquisition VS second language acquisition | 第53页 |
| ·Transfer training to avoid common vocabulary errors | 第53-57页 |
| ·Transfer training to avoid common phonological errors | 第57-60页 |
| ·Transfer training to avoid pragmatic errors | 第60-63页 |
| Chapter Five Conclusion | 第63-66页 |
| Bibliography | 第66-67页 |
