| ABSTRACT | 第12-14页 |
| 摘要 | 第15-18页 |
| Abbreviations | 第18-20页 |
| PART Ⅰ | 第20-73页 |
| Chapter 1.The review of antibiotic chemicals from medicinal plants | 第20-33页 |
| 1.1.1 Background | 第20-22页 |
| 1.1.2. The importance of medicinal Plants | 第22-24页 |
| 1.1.3. Medicinal plants and their anti-bacterial activity | 第24-27页 |
| 1.1.4. Plant Extracts as Resistance Modifying Agents | 第27-28页 |
| 1.1.5. Palms | 第28-31页 |
| 1.1.5.1. Trachycarpus | 第28-29页 |
| 1.1.5.2. Trachycarpus fortunei (Windmill Palm tree) | 第29-31页 |
| 1.1.6. Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance | 第31-33页 |
| Chapter 2. Screening of antibiotic chemicals from palm tree | 第33-51页 |
| 1.2.1. Introduction: | 第33页 |
| 1.2.2. Material and Methods | 第33-35页 |
| 1.2.2.1. Collection of plant sample | 第33页 |
| 1.2.2.2. Plant identification | 第33-34页 |
| 1.2.2.3. Plant drying and crushing | 第34页 |
| 1.2.2.4. Extraction of plant sample | 第34-35页 |
| 1.2.2.5. Fractions of Extract of T. fortunei by Column Chromatography | 第35页 |
| 1.2.3. Media and solutions preparations | 第35-36页 |
| 1.2.3.1. Preparation of LB & nutrient broth media | 第35页 |
| 1.2.3.2. Preparation of Nutrient & LB agar medium | 第35页 |
| 1.2.3.3. Sterilization of plates and pouring of media | 第35-36页 |
| 1.2.4. Antibacterial activity | 第36-37页 |
| 1.2.4.1. Disk Diffusion method for Anti-Bacterial activity | 第36-37页 |
| 1.2.4.2. Determination of Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum | 第37页 |
| 1.2.5. Cytotoxicity evaluation by MTT assay | 第37-39页 |
| 1.2.6. Results | 第39-47页 |
| 1.2.6.1. Yield of T. fortunei plant extracts and fraction | 第39-40页 |
| 1.2.6.2. Antibacterial activity of different fractions of seed coat extract of T. fortunei | 第40-44页 |
| 1.2.6.3. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) analysis of seed coat extracts of T.fortune i | 第44页 |
| 1.2.6.4. Minimum Microbicidal Concentration (MMC) analysis of seed coat extracts of T.fortunei | 第44-46页 |
| 1.2.6.5. Cytotoxicity of fractions of T. fortunei seed coat extract | 第46-47页 |
| 1.2.7. Discussion | 第47-51页 |
| Chapter 3. Identification of antibiotic compounds from palm tree | 第51-72页 |
| 1.3.1. Method | 第51-54页 |
| 1.3.1.1 Organic Solvent Extraction and preparation of different fractions | 第51页 |
| 1.3.1.2. UPLC-MS analysis of 20% EtOH fraction | 第51页 |
| 1.3.1.3. Sample Preparation for UPLC-MS | 第51-52页 |
| 1.3.1.4. Conditions of UPLC-MS Analysis | 第52-53页 |
| 1.3.1.5. Data Analysis | 第53页 |
| 1.3.1.6. Antibacterial activity of 20% EtOH fraction | 第53-54页 |
| 1.3.2. Results | 第54-68页 |
| 1.3.2.1. UPLC-MS analysis of fractions of T. fortunei | 第54-63页 |
| 1.3.2.3. Antibacterial activity of compounds of 20% EtOH fraction of seed coat extract of T.fortunei | 第63-66页 |
| 1.3.2.4. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration analysis of compounds of 20% EtOH fraction T.fortunei | 第66页 |
| 1.3.2.5. Minimum Microbicidal Concentration (MMC) analysis of compounds of 20% EtOHfraction of T. fortunei | 第66-68页 |
| 1.3.3. Discussion | 第68-72页 |
| Conclusion | 第72-73页 |
| Part Ⅱ | 第73-111页 |
| Chapter 1. THE REVIEW OF EXPLORING MEDICINAL PLANTS BIOSYNTHESIS BYTRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS | 第73-87页 |
| 2.1.1. Introduction | 第73-79页 |
| 2.1.1.1. Transcriptome with RNA sequencing (RNAseq) | 第73-75页 |
| 2.1.1.2. The rapidly evolving field of transcriptomics | 第75-76页 |
| 2.1.1.3. De novo transcriptomics | 第76-77页 |
| 2.1.1.4. Tissue and cell specific transcriptomics | 第77-78页 |
| 2.1.1.5. The current transcriptome of Chinese traditional medicine | 第78-79页 |
| 2.1.2. General Introduction to Terpenes | 第79-87页 |
| 2.1.2.1. Importance and ecological importance of terpenes | 第80-83页 |
| 2.1.2.2. Sesquiterpenoids | 第83-85页 |
| 2.1.2.3. Mevalonic acid | 第85-86页 |
| 2.1.2.4. Non-mevalonate (non-MVA) | 第86-87页 |
| Chapter 2. Transcriptome analysis of A. lancea for its active components | 第87-110页 |
| 2.2.1. Materials and Methods | 第87-91页 |
| 2.2.1.1. Collection of A. lancea plant | 第87页 |
| 2.2.1.2. RNA Isolation | 第87页 |
| 2.2.1.3. Preparation of cDNA library | 第87-88页 |
| 2.2.1.4. Data sequencing and analysis of assembly | 第88-89页 |
| 2.2.1.5. Unigene differential expression analysis | 第89页 |
| 2.2.1.6. Identification of sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis pathway | 第89-90页 |
| 2.2.1.7. SSR mining and primer design | 第90页 |
| 2.2.1.8. Data deposition | 第90-91页 |
| 2.2.2. Results | 第91-106页 |
| 2.2.2.1. A. lancea transcriptome sequencing and unigene assembly | 第91-94页 |
| 2.2.2.2. Functional classification of A.lancea unigenes by GO, COG and KEGG | 第94-97页 |
| 2.2.2.3. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the leaf vs. stem, leaf vs.root and root vs.stem in A. lancea | 第97-98页 |
| 2.2.2.4. Analysis of A.lancea unigenes related to terpenoid backbone biosynthesis | 第98-99页 |
| 2.2.2.5. Analysis of A. lancea unigenes related to sesquiterpenoids biosynthesis | 第99-100页 |
| 2.2.2.6. SSR markers development in A. lancea | 第100-103页 |
| 2.2.2.7. Discovery of simple nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in A. lancea | 第103-106页 |
| 2.2.3. Discussion | 第106-110页 |
| Conclusion | 第110-111页 |
| References | 第111-146页 |
| Publications | 第146-147页 |
| Acknowledgement | 第147-149页 |
