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影响二语听力理解的学习者内部因素研究

Acknowledgements第5-8页
Abstract第8-10页
中文摘要第11-22页
Chapter One Introduction第22-30页
    1.1 The Importance of Listening in Second Language Learning第22-23页
    1.2 Need of the Study第23-27页
        1.2.1 Listener-internal effects under one framework第23-24页
        1.2.2 A model of L2 listening comprehension第24-25页
        1.2.3 The process of the second language listening comprehension第25-27页
    1.3 Significance of the Study第27-28页
        1.3.1 Theoretical significance第27页
        1.3.2 Methodological significance第27-28页
        1.3.3 Pedagogical significance第28页
    1.4 Outline of the Dissertation第28-30页
Chapter Two Literature Review第30-59页
    2.1 Models of Listening Comprehension Process第30-38页
        2.1.1 The Bottom-up Model第30-31页
        2.1.2 The Top-down Model第31-32页
        2.1.3 The Interactive Model第32页
        2.1.4 Nagle and Sanders's (1986) model of L2 listening comprehension第32-35页
        2.1.5 Caron's (1992) model of sentence comprehension第35-36页
        2.1.6 Anderson's (1995,2000) model of listening comprehension第36-37页
        2.1.7 A summary第37-38页
    2.2 Factors Affecting L2 Listening Comprehension第38-41页
        2.2.1 A general review of previous findings第38-40页
        2.2.2 Categorization of factors第40-41页
    2.3 The Effects of Listen-Internal Factors on L2 Listening Comprehension第41-58页
        2.3.1 Lexical segmentation skill第42-44页
        2.3.2 Vocabulary knowledge第44-48页
        2.3.3 Grammatical knowledge第48-50页
        2.3.4 Discourse competence第50-51页
        2.3.5 Pragmatic competence第51-53页
        2.3.6 Phonological short-term memory第53-55页
        2.3.7 Strategic competence第55-57页
        2.3.8 Prior knowledge第57-58页
    2.4 Problems, Causes and Suggested Solutions第58-59页
Chapter Three Conceptual Framework第59-78页
    3.1 A General Description of Bachman and Palmer's (1996) Model第59-62页
    3.2 Defining Key Concepts第62-68页
        3.2.1 Concepts related to L2 competence第63-65页
            3.2.1.1 Competence第63-64页
            3.2.1.2 Proficiency第64页
            3.2.1.3 Language ability第64页
            3.2.1.4 Listening comprehension ability and listening skills第64-65页
        3.2.2 Concepts related to language users' characteristics第65-68页
            3.2.2.1 Language knowledge第65-66页
            3.2.2.2 Strategic competence第66页
            3.2.2.3 Topical knowledge第66-67页
            3.2.2.4 Phonological memory第67-68页
    3.3 Operationalizations of Variables第68-72页
        3.3.1 L2 lexical segmentation ability第69页
        3.3.2 L2 lexical competence第69页
        3.3.3 L2 grammatical competence第69-70页
        3.3.4 L2 discourse competence第70页
        3.3.5 L2 pragmatic competence第70页
        3.3.6 Strategic competence第70页
        3.3.7 Phonological memory第70页
        3.3.8 Topical knowledge第70-71页
        3.3.9 Listening comprehension第71页
        3.3.10 A summary第71-72页
    3.4 Systematic effects of Listener-internal variables on L2 listening第72-78页
        3.4.1 Relationship between L2 knowledge and listening comprehension第73-74页
        3.4.2 Relationship between strategic competence and listening comprehension第74-75页
        3.4.3 Relationship between topical knowledge and listening comprehension第75页
        3.4.4 Relationship between phonological memory and listening comprehension第75-76页
        3.4.5 The general model第76-77页
        3.4.6 Research questions for the present study第77-78页
Chapter Four Methodology第78-100页
    4.1 Participants第78-79页
    4.2 Instruments第79-89页
        4.2.1 Language tests第80-87页
            4.2.1.1 L2 Vocabulary test第80-83页
            4.2.1.2 L2 lexical segmentation test第83-84页
            4.2.1.3 L2 Grammar test第84-85页
            4.2.1.4 L2 Discourse test第85页
            4.2.1.5 L2 pragmatic test第85-86页
            4.2.1.6 L2 listening comprehension test第86-87页
        4.2.2 Memory test:Test of phonological memory第87-88页
        4.2.3 Questionnaire第88-89页
            4.2.3.1 Questionnaire of L2 listening strategy use第88页
            4.2.3.2 Questionnaire of topic familiarity第88-89页
    4.3 Data Collection第89-90页
    4.4 Data Analysis第90-100页
        4.4.1 Scoring of the test papers第90-91页
        4.4.2 Value assignment for questionnaire survey results第91-92页
        4.4.3 Statistical analysis with SPSS第92-96页
            4.4.3.1 Descriptive statistics of observed variables第92-94页
            4.4.3.2 Reliabilities of instruments第94-96页
        4.4.4 Statistical analysis with LISREL第96-100页
            4.4.4.1 Assessment of variables in the model第96-98页
            4.4.4.2 Structural equation modeling with LISREL第98-100页
Chapter Five Results and Discussion第100-134页
    5.1 Correlations among the Latent Variables第100-103页
        5.1.1 The correlations between L2 listener-internal variables and L2 listening第102页
        5.1.2 The correlations among L2 listener-internal variables第102-103页
    5.2 A General Description of the Causal Model第103-107页
    5.3 L2 Competence and L2 Listening Comprehension第107-123页
        5.3.1 Effects of L2 lexical competence第107-111页
            5.3.1.1 Direct effect of L2 lexical competence第107-110页
            5.3.1.2 Indirect effect of L2 lexical competence第110-111页
        5.3.2 Effects of L2 grammar competence第111-116页
            5.3.2.1 Direct effect of L2 grammar competence第111-114页
            5.3.2.2 Indirect effect of L2 grammatical competence第114-116页
        5.3.3 Effect of L2 discourse competence第116-117页
        5.3.4 Effect of L2 lexical segmentation ability第117-119页
        5.3.5 Effect of L2 pragmatic competence第119-123页
    5.4 Strategic Competence and L2 Listening Comprehension第123-128页
    5.5 Topical Knowledge and L2 Listening Comprehension第128-131页
    5.6 Phonological Memory and L2 Listening Comprehension第131-132页
    5.7 The Systematic Effects on L2 Listening Comprehension第132-134页
Chapter Six Conclusion第134-141页
    6.1 Major Findings第134-136页
        6.1.1 L2 language competence and L2 listening comprehension第134-135页
        6.1.2 Strategic competence and L2 listening comprehension第135页
        6.1.3 Topical knowledge and L2 listening comprehension第135页
        6.1.4 Phonological memory and L2 listening comprehension第135-136页
    6.2 Theoretical Significance第136-138页
        6.2.1 Listener-internal factors in L2 listening comprehension第136-137页
        6.2.2 A model of L2 listening comprehension第137页
        6.2.3 The nature of L2 listening comprehension process第137-138页
    6.3 Methodological Significance第138页
    6.4 Pedagogical Significance第138-139页
    6.5 Limitations of the Study第139页
    6.6 Directions for Future Research第139-141页
References第141-156页
Appendices第156-187页

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