| Declaration | 第1-6页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第6-11页 |
| English Abstract | 第11-12页 |
| Chinese Abstract | 第12-13页 |
| List of Abbreviations | 第13-14页 |
| List of Tables | 第14-15页 |
| List of Appendices | 第15-19页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第19-31页 |
| ·Research orientation | 第19-22页 |
| ·Research rationale | 第22-28页 |
| ·Research questions and objectives | 第28-29页 |
| ·Data and methodology | 第29-30页 |
| ·Outline of the thesis | 第30-31页 |
| Chapter Two Relevant Literature Review | 第31-37页 |
| ·The inadequate studies on logical error sentences in writing in TESOL and SLA | 第32-35页 |
| ·Limitations of the existing studies on logical problems in EFL learners(?)~- written product in China | 第35-36页 |
| ·Chapter summary | 第36-37页 |
| Chapter Three Theoretical Framework | 第37-56页 |
| ·Ways to distinguish arguments from analyses and explanations | 第37-46页 |
| ·Arguments | 第38-40页 |
| ·Explanations,analyses and ways to distinguish arguments from explanations and analyses | 第40-46页 |
| ·Main method to appraise arguments | 第46-47页 |
| ·Main methods to appraise explanations and analyses | 第47-49页 |
| ·Test of Arguments from cause | 第47-48页 |
| ·Abduction test | 第48-49页 |
| ·Additional methods to test both arguments and explanations & analyses | 第49-55页 |
| ·Refutation by Logical analogy | 第49-51页 |
| ·Method to test logical fallacies | 第51-54页 |
| ·Common formal fallacies | 第51-52页 |
| ·Common informal fallacies | 第52-54页 |
| ·Laws of thought | 第54-55页 |
| ·Summary of the theoretical model constructed for the present study | 第55-56页 |
| Chapter Four The present study | 第56-63页 |
| ·Methodology | 第56页 |
| ·Data | 第56-61页 |
| ·Procedure | 第61-63页 |
| Chapter Five Result and Discussions | 第63-89页 |
| ·Significance of because structure as research object: a cross corpus comparison of the use of because | 第63-64页 |
| ·Seriousness of logical reasoning deficiencies: a report | 第64-67页 |
| ·A description of students(?)~- main logical reasoning deficiencies | 第67-79页 |
| ·Problematic explanations and analyses | 第67-76页 |
| ·Typical examples of absolute explanations and analyses | 第67-69页 |
| ·Typical examples of over-simplified explanations and analyses | 第69-74页 |
| ·Inappropriate explanations and analyses | 第74-75页 |
| ·Overcertain tone | 第75-76页 |
| ·Problems in arguments signaled by because | 第76-79页 |
| ·Underdeveloped argument | 第76-77页 |
| ·Non Sequitur argument | 第77-78页 |
| ·Absolute argument | 第78-79页 |
| ·Interpretations of the major findings | 第79-87页 |
| ·Chapter summary | 第87-89页 |
| Chapter Six Conclusion and Recommendations | 第89-96页 |
| ·Summary and conclusion | 第89-92页 |
| ·Discussion of pedagogical implications | 第92-96页 |
| References | 第96-101页 |
| Appendices | 第101-109页 |
| Appendix 1 | 第101-104页 |
| Appendix 2 | 第104-109页 |
