| Abstract | 第6-7页 |
| 摘要 | 第8-14页 |
| List of Tables | 第14-15页 |
| List of Figures | 第15-16页 |
| 1.0 CHAPTER ONE:INTRODUCTION | 第16-42页 |
| 1.1 Background of the study | 第16-21页 |
| 1.2 Evaluating ecological impacts:A conceptual Framework | 第21-22页 |
| 1.3 A typology of consequences of ecological change | 第22-25页 |
| 1.4 Statement of a problem | 第25-28页 |
| 1.5 Aims | 第28-29页 |
| 1.6 Specific Objectives | 第29页 |
| 1.7 Research Questions | 第29-30页 |
| 1.8 Research Hypotheses | 第30-31页 |
| 1.9 Justification of the study | 第31-34页 |
| 1.10 Research theoretical Framework | 第34-36页 |
| 1.11 Conceptual framework for the model | 第36-38页 |
| 1.12 Definition of terms | 第38-41页 |
| 1.12.1 Ecological risk | 第38页 |
| 1.12.2 Appropriate environmental citizenship | 第38-39页 |
| 1.12.3 Environmental awareness | 第39页 |
| 1.12.4 Environmental attitudes | 第39-40页 |
| 1.12.5 Ecological perceived self-efficacy toward action | 第40页 |
| 1.12.6 Ecological Barriers | 第40-41页 |
| 1.12.7 Socio-demographic variables | 第41页 |
| 1.13 Structure of the Dissertation | 第41-42页 |
| 2.0 CHAPTER TWO:LITERATURE REVIEW | 第42-90页 |
| 2.1 Risk | 第42-43页 |
| 2.2 Risk perception | 第43-44页 |
| 2.3 Nature and Economic Development | 第44页 |
| 2.4 Social process of ecological risk | 第44-45页 |
| 2.5 Psychometric Paradigm and risk perception | 第45页 |
| 2.6 Ecological risks, Global population growth and urbanization | 第45-49页 |
| 2.7 Ecological risks, population and development | 第49-53页 |
| 2.8 Ecological risks, land use and land cover change | 第53页 |
| 2.9 Ecological risks, Agriculture and pasture | 第53-56页 |
| 2.10 Ecological risks and consumption | 第56-60页 |
| 2.11 Ecological risks and globalization | 第60-62页 |
| 2.12 Sustainable transition or collapse | 第62-65页 |
| 2.13 Environment and emission standards | 第65页 |
| 2.14 Earth's Self-Regeneration Capacity | 第65-70页 |
| 2.14.1 Mathematical models to explain earth's self-regeneration | 第66页 |
| 2.14.2 Ecological problems with positive feedback | 第66-68页 |
| 2.14.3 Mathematical model equations | 第68-70页 |
| 2.14.4 Application of mathematical models to global warming | 第70页 |
| 2.15 Production, consumption and standards | 第70-71页 |
| 2.16 Carbon and atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions | 第71-72页 |
| 2.17 Environmental awareness and education | 第72-74页 |
| 2.18 Ecological risk studies | 第74-77页 |
| 2.19 Characteristics of good ecological attributes | 第77-78页 |
| 2.20 Describing Ecological Hazards | 第78-81页 |
| 2.21 Description of study area | 第81-90页 |
| 2.21.1 Location and climate characteristics | 第81页 |
| 2.21.2 Biodiversity and climate change | 第81-85页 |
| 2.21.3 Agriculture and climate change | 第85-87页 |
| 2.21.4 Deforestation | 第87-90页 |
| 3.0 CHAPTER THREE:METHODOLOGY | 第90-103页 |
| 3.1 Research design | 第90-91页 |
| 3.2 Samples and data collection | 第91-92页 |
| 3.3 Participants | 第92-93页 |
| 3.4 Development of data collection instruments | 第93-94页 |
| 3.4.1 Selection of Ecological risk items | 第93-94页 |
| 3.5 Characterization the constructs used in the study | 第94-97页 |
| 3.6 Validity and reliability of the instrument | 第97-98页 |
| 3.7 Design of the questionnaire | 第98页 |
| 3.8 Data entry | 第98页 |
| 3.9 Data analysis | 第98-99页 |
| 3.10 Statistical analysis | 第99-101页 |
| 3.10.1 Descriptive statistics | 第99页 |
| 3.10.2 Variable measurement | 第99-100页 |
| 3.10.3 Exploratory factor analysis | 第100页 |
| 3.10.4 Structural Equation Modeling | 第100-101页 |
| 3.11 Model of environmental knowledge and awareness | 第101-103页 |
| 4.0 CHAPTER FOUR:RESULTS | 第103-172页 |
| 4.1 Demographic characteristics | 第103页 |
| 4.2 Zambians perceived Ecological risks | 第103-104页 |
| 4.3 General ecological risk concerns | 第104-106页 |
| 4.4 Ecological risks to human health | 第106-108页 |
| 4.5 Ecological risks to the environment | 第108-110页 |
| 4.6 Ecological risks to economic development | 第110-112页 |
| 4.7 Public Participation and preferences of environmental Risk management | 第112-118页 |
| 4.7.1 Recourse recovery and waste management | 第113-114页 |
| 4.7.2 Energy and water conservation | 第114-115页 |
| 4.7.3 Transportation and air quality control | 第115页 |
| 4.7.4 Natural recourses management | 第115-116页 |
| 4.7.5 Social or political actions | 第116-118页 |
| 4.8 Actions and decisions taken for environmental reasons | 第118页 |
| 4.9 Personal responsibility Vs responsibility of the biggest polluter | 第118-119页 |
| 4.10 Actions and decisions seen as priorities for citizens | 第119-120页 |
| 4.11 Intentions and decisions Vs Action:Green consumption | 第120-121页 |
| 4.12 Linking Public Participation to payment for Ecosystem services | 第121-125页 |
| 4.12.1 Direct benefits to capacity building and decision making | 第121页 |
| 4.12.2 Indirect benefits to capacity building and decision making | 第121-122页 |
| 4.12.3 Local watershed landowners and decision making | 第122-124页 |
| 4.12.4 Government ministries | 第124页 |
| 4.12.5 Environmental education strategies and decision making | 第124-125页 |
| 4.13 Appropriate environmental support and socio-demographic Characteristics | 第125-127页 |
| 4.14 Relationships among barrier, perceived self-efficacy and Environmental attitude | 第127-128页 |
| 4.15 Integrated model that determines appropriate environmental Action | 第128-130页 |
| 4.16 Environmental risk experience | 第130-134页 |
| 4.16.1 Ecological risk knowledge | 第130-132页 |
| 4.16.2 Ecological risk personal experience | 第132-134页 |
| 4.17 Comparisons of environmental concern for each cluster group | 第134-136页 |
| 4.18 Testing the Structural Equation Model | 第136-140页 |
| 4.18.1 Preliminary data analysis and data preparation | 第136-140页 |
| 4.18.2 Running the structural model | 第140页 |
| 4.19 Statistical analysis to explain environmental relationships | 第140-149页 |
| 4.19.1 Influence of perceived risks of ecological degradation Factors on awareness | 第141页 |
| 4.19.2 Influence of perceived ecological degradation factor On attitude | 第141-142页 |
| 4.19.3 Influence of attitude and awareness on ecological Risk management | 第142页 |
| 4.19.4 Influence of barrier on attitudes toward environmental Conservation | 第142-145页 |
| 4.19.5 Influence of perceived risks of ecological degradation Factor on awareness for males | 第145-146页 |
| 4.19.6 Influence of perceived environmental degradation Factors on attitude | 第146页 |
| 4.19.7 Influence of attitude and awareness on ecological risk Management | 第146-147页 |
| 4.19.8 Influence of barriers on attitudes toward environmental Conservation | 第147-149页 |
| 4.20 Zambian images of global warming | 第149-150页 |
| 4.21 Zambians global warming risk perceptions | 第150-151页 |
| 4.22 Respondents' awareness of global warming | 第151-152页 |
| 4.23 Respondents' attitude toward the environment | 第152-154页 |
| 4.24 Respondents' environmental self-efficacy | 第154-155页 |
| 4.25 Respondents' environmental behavior | 第155-156页 |
| 4.26 Respondents' susceptibility to environmental problems | 第156-157页 |
| 4.27 Respondents' perceived severity factor | 第157-158页 |
| 4.28 Respondents' perceived barrier factor | 第158-159页 |
| 4.29 Respondents' perceived benefits | 第159-160页 |
| 4.30 Statistical analysis to explain environmental relationships | 第160-165页 |
| 4.30.1 Influence of perceived risks of environmental degradation Factors on awareness | 第160-161页 |
| 4.30.2 Influence of perceived environmental degradation factors On attitude | 第161-162页 |
| 4.30.3 Influence of attitude and awareness on behavior | 第162页 |
| 4.30.4 Influence of barriers on attitude toward environmental Conservation | 第162-165页 |
| 4.31 Ecological risks in China | 第165-171页 |
| 4.31.1 Land use and land change dynamics 2000-2006 periods | 第166-169页 |
| 4.31.2 Drought as an ecological hazard in China | 第169-171页 |
| 4.32 Pollution from energy production in China | 第171页 |
| 4.33 Environmental protection | 第171-172页 |
| 5.0 CHAPTER FIVE:DISCUSSION | 第172-183页 |
| 5.1 Awareness of the degradation of the environment | 第172页 |
| 5.2 Ecological risk perception | 第172-174页 |
| 5.3 Public preferences and support for environmental policy | 第174-175页 |
| 5.4 Environmental knowledge and experience | 第175页 |
| 5.5 Unequal exposure to ecological hazards | 第175页 |
| 5.6 Relationships among a set of environmental beliefs and awareness Of, and attitudes towards environmental conservation | 第175-180页 |
| 5.7 Socio-demographic variables | 第180-183页 |
| 6.0 CHAPTER SIX:CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS | 第183-189页 |
| 6.1 Conclusion | 第183-185页 |
| 6.2 Recommendations | 第185-189页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第189-190页 |
| References | 第190-204页 |
| Appendix | 第204-217页 |
| Publications | 第217页 |
