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A Study of Motivational Factors for English Language Learning in Pakistan: A Socio-Contextual Perspective

ABSTRACT第6-8页
摘要第9-11页
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS第11-12页
Table of Contents第12-16页
List of Tables第16-18页
List of Figures第18-19页
1. General Introduction第19-27页
    1.1. Personal Motivation第19-20页
    1.2. Background of the Study第20-21页
    1.3. Statement of the Problem第21页
    1.4. Rationale for the Study第21-23页
    1.5. Research Questions第23-24页
    1.6. Significance of the Study第24-25页
    1.7. Limitations and delimitations of the Study第25页
    1.8. Outline of Thesis第25-27页
2. Setting the Scene: English in Pakistan第27-55页
    2.1. History of English Language Education in Pakistan第27-48页
        2.1.1. English in Pre-Independence Period (1600-1947)第27-35页
        2.1.2. English in Post-Independence Period (1947 to date)第35-48页
    2.2. Management and Pedagogical Issues of ELT Practices in Pakistan第48-52页
        2.2.1. Linguistic Inadequacy of Teachers第49页
        2.2.2. Lack of Training第49-50页
        2.2.3. Lack of Audio-Visual Aids第50页
        2.2.4. Faulty Teaching Methodologies第50页
        2.2.5. Lack of Research第50页
        2.2.6. Defective Examination System第50-51页
        2.2.7. Outdated Textbooks第51-52页
        2.2.8. Economic Problems第52页
        2.2.9. Syllabus Constraints第52页
        2.2.10. Over-crowded Classrooms第52页
    2.3. Conclusion第52-55页
3. Literature Review第55-93页
    3.1. Defining Motivation第55-56页
    3.2. Major Motivation Theories in Psychology第56-59页
    3.3. Motivation Theories in Second/Foreign Language Learning Context第59-73页
        3.3.1. The Social Psychological Period第60-62页
        3.3.2. The Cognitive-situated Period第62-64页
        3.3.3. The Proces-oriented Period第64-65页
        3.3.4. Socio-dynamic Period第65-68页
        3.3.5. The L2 Motivational Self System第68-73页
    3.4. Second/Foreign Language Motivation Studies in Pakistan第73-81页
    3.5. Socio-Contextual Factors and Second Language Learning Motivation第81-93页
        3.5.1. Gender and L2 Learning Motivation第83-85页
        3.5.2. Parents’ Education and L2 Learning Motivation第85-88页
        3.5.3. Public vs. Private Institutes and L2 Learning Motivation第88-90页
        3.5.4. Major Field of Study and L2 Learning Motivation第90-93页
4. Research Methodology and Design第93-111页
    4.1. Introduction第93-94页
    4.2. Research Methods第94-100页
        4.2.1. Qualitative Approaches第94-96页
        4.2.2. Quantitative Approaches第96-97页
        4.2.3. Differences in Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches第97-99页
        4.2.4. Mixed Methods Approach第99-100页
    4.3. Mixed Methods for Current Study第100-101页
    4.4. Population and Sampling第101-105页
    4.5. Instrumentation第105-109页
        4.5.1. Questionnaire Development第105-107页
        4.5.2. Pilot Study第107-108页
        4.5.3. Interviews第108-109页
    4.6. Data Collection第109-110页
        4.6.1. Quantitative Data第109页
        4.6.2. Qualitative Data第109-110页
    4.7. Data Analysis第110-111页
        4.7.1. Quantitative Data Analysis第110页
        4.7.2. Qualitative Data Analysis第110-111页
5. Results and Discussion第111-144页
    5.1. Introduction第111页
    5.2. Internal Consistency of Scales第111-113页
    5.3. Multifaceted Nature of L2 Motivation第113-126页
        5.3.1. Attitudinal, Situational and Self-related Factors第113-117页
        5.3.2. Interactions of Various Factors第117-120页
        5.3.3. Inter-correlations and Partial Correlations第120-126页
    5.4. Individualistic Beliefs of Learners第126-138页
        5.4.1. Bicultural Identities第126-129页
        5.4.2. Instrumentality第129-132页
        5.4.3. Ideal L2 Selves第132-134页
        5.4.4. Language Learning Experiences第134-136页
        5.4.5. Family Pressure第136-138页
    5.5. Discussion第138-144页
6. Socio-Contextual Factors and English Language Learning Motivation第144-173页
    6.1. Introduction第144页
    6.2. Gender and L2Learning Motivation第144-148页
        6.2.1. Complex Motivation第145-147页
        6.2.2. International Orientation and Ideal L2 Self Images第147-148页
    6.3. Parents’ Education Level and L2 Learning Motivation第148-152页
        6.3.1. Instrumentality and International Orientation第149-150页
        6.3.2. Attitude towards Learning English and Ideal L2 Selves第150-152页
    6.4. Public vs. Private Institutes and L2 Learning Motivation第152-156页
        6.4.1. Higher Motivation for PRSs第152-155页
        6.4.2. Motivated Behavior and Lack of Effort第155-156页
    6.5. Major Subject of Study and L2 Learning Motivation第156-161页
        6.5.1. Similar Patterns of Motivation第157-159页
        6.5.2. Ideal L2 Selves and Attitude towards Learning English第159-161页
    6.6. Qualitative Differences第161-170页
        6.6.1. Gender Differences第161-163页
        6.6.2. Effects of Parents’ Education Level第163-164页
        6.6.3. Role of Public vs. Private Institutes第164-166页
        6.6.4. Distinctive Beliefs by Major Subject of Study第166-170页
    6.7. Answer to the Third Research Question第170-173页
7. Major Findings,Implication and Conclusion第173-183页
    7.1. Major Findings第173-175页
    7.2. Implications第175-179页
    7.3. Conclusion and Future Directions第179-183页
References第183-211页
Papers第211-212页
Appendices第212-221页

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