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北半球中纬度黑碳的源解析和辐射效应

摘要第3-5页
Abstract第5-7页
Chapter 1 Introduction第11-21页
    1.1 Background and motivation第11-14页
    1.2 What is BC第14-15页
    1.3 BC effects第15-17页
    1.4 Why focus on the mid-latitudes of Northern Hemisphere第17-20页
    1.5 Dissertation outline第20-21页
Chapter 2 Snow sampling and Methodology第21-39页
    2.1 Snow samples第21-26页
        2.1.1 Sampling location and snow collection第21-23页
        2.1.2 Filtration第23-26页
    2.2 Optical analysis第26-33页
    2.3 Chemical analysis第33-34页
    2.4 Source attribution using Positive Matrix Factorization第34-36页
    2.5 Source-tagging method in the Community Atmosphere Model第36-39页
Chapter 3 Source attribution of insoluble light-absorbing particles in seasonal snow across northern China第39-55页
    3.1 Introduction第39-40页
    3.2 Methodology第40-46页
        3.2.1 Snow sample collection第40-42页
        3.2.2 Chemical speciation第42-44页
        3.2.3 Source attribution using Positive Matrix Factorization第44页
        3.2.4 Back trajectory cluster analysis and MODIS fire locations map第44-46页
    3.3 Results and discussion第46-53页
        3.3.1 PMF model results第46-49页
        3.3.2 Back trajectory cluster analysis第49-53页
    3.4 Conclusions第53-55页
Chapter 4 Quantifying sources, transport, deposition, and radiative forcing of black carbon over the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau第55-94页
    4.1 Introduction第55-58页
    4.2 Model configuration and experimental design第58-63页
        4.2.1 The CAM5 and the source-tagging method第58-60页
        4.2.2 BC source regions and sectors第60-63页
    4.3 Model evaluation against available observations第63-68页
        4.3.1 Atmospheric BC surface concentration第63-66页
        4.3.2 Snow cover fraction第66-68页
    4.4 Model transport pathways and source attribution of BC in the HTP第68-77页
        4.4.1 Transport pathways第68-71页
        4.4.2 Seasonal variation in BC in the HTP第71-73页
        4.4.3 BC source-receptor relationships第73-77页
        4.4.4 Seasonal variation in HTP BC sensitivity第77页
    4.5 Radiative forcing第77-81页
    4.6 Summary and conclusions第81-84页
    4.7 Supplement第84-94页
Chapter 5 Quantifying of black carbon in Western North America using observationally based analysis and an emission tagging technique in the Community Atmosphere Model第94-134页
    5.1 Introduction第94-96页
    5.2 Methods第96-103页
        5.2.1 Observations第96-97页
        5.2.2 Model description and experimental design第97-100页
        5.2.3 Metrics第100-101页
        5.2.4 Data preparation for source attribution第101-103页
    5.3 Results and discussion第103-118页
        5.3.1 Near-surface atmospheric BC concentration第103-105页
        5.3.2 BC in snow column第105-109页
        5.3.3 Source attribution and emission source efficiency第109-115页
            5.3.3.1 Modeled source-receptor relationships using CAM5第109-112页
            5.3.3.2 Comparison of source sector attribution between CAM5 and PMF第112-115页
        5.3.4 Radiative forcing第115-118页
    5.4 Summary and conclusions第118-120页
    5.5 Supplement第120-134页
Chapter 6 Summary and conclusions第134-140页
    6.1 Summary of results第134-138页
    6.2 Implications for future studies第138-140页
Bibliography第140-161页
Vita第161-162页
Publications第162-164页
Acknowledgements第164-165页

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