| Abstract （in Chinese） | 第1-5页 |
| Acknowledgements | 第5-6页 |
| Abbreviations | 第6-9页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第9-17页 |
| 1．1 Origin of the research | 第9-13页 |
| 1．2 Aim of the research | 第13-14页 |
| 1．3 Method of approach | 第14页 |
| 1．4 Design of the dissertation | 第14-17页 |
| Chapter Two Review of the Literature | 第17-45页 |
| 2．1 Listening Comprehension | 第17-29页 |
| 2．1．1 The nature of the listening comprehension and the current state of art | 第18-20页 |
| 2．1．2 The process of listening comprehension | 第20-25页 |
| 2．1．3 The skills of listening comprehension | 第25-29页 |
| 2．2 Working Memory | 第29-41页 |
| 2．2．1 The definition and nature of working memory | 第29-35页 |
| 2．2．2 Review of the literature on working memory | 第35-41页 |
| 2．2．2．1 Neuropsychological investigations | 第36-38页 |
| 2．2．2．2 Application of working memory to language study | 第38-41页 |
| 2．3 Working Memory and ES/FL Listening Comprehension | 第41-45页 |
| Chapter Three Research Methodology | 第45-54页 |
| 3．1 Objectives | 第45页 |
| 3．2 Variables | 第45-46页 |
| 3．3 Subjects | 第46页 |
| 3．4 Instruments | 第46-50页 |
| 3．4．1 Measure of working memory capaci | 第46-50页 |
| 3．4．2 Measure of listening comprehension achievement | 第50页 |
| 3．5 Hypothesis | 第50-54页 |
| Chapter Four Results and Discussion | 第54-76页 |
| 4．1 Experimental Procedure | 第54-56页 |
| 4．1．1 Tests for the two working memory spans | 第54-55页 |
| 4．1．2 Test for the listening comprehension | 第55-56页 |
| 4．2 Experiment results | 第56-64页 |
| 4．2．1 Descriptive statistics | 第56-57页 |
| 4．2．2 Validity and reliability of the instruments | 第57-59页 |
| 4．2．3 The correlation between the two working memory spans | 第59页 |
| 4．2．4 The correlations between working memory spans and listening skills | 第59-64页 |
| 4．3 Discussion | 第64-67页 |
| 4．4 Where lies the working memory difference | 第67-76页 |
| Chapter Five Conclusion | 第76-91页 |
| 5．1 How do we equalize the working memory differences | 第77-84页 |
| 5．2 Enlightenment to pedagogy | 第84-85页 |
| 5．3 Limitation of the research | 第85-87页 |
| 5．4 Suggestions for further research | 第87-91页 |
| Notes | 第91-94页 |
| Appendices | 第94-106页 |
| Appendix Ⅰ | 第94-104页 |
| Appendix Ⅱ | 第104-106页 |
| Bibliography | 第106-114页 |
