| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第1-10页 |
| 1 INTRODUCTION | 第10-13页 |
| 2 LEARNER AUTONOMY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION—A RATIONALE | 第13-31页 |
| 2．1 Definitions of Learner Autonomy | 第13-18页 |
| 2．1．1 Learner Autonomy as an Ability | 第14-15页 |
| 2．1．2 Learner Autonomy as a Capability | 第15-16页 |
| 2．1．3 Learner Autonomy as an Attitude | 第16页 |
| 2．1．4 Subject-matter Autonomy | 第16-18页 |
| 2．2 Versions of Learner Autonomy and Dominant Approaches of Learning | 第18-22页 |
| 2．2．1 Positivist Approach and Technical Versions of Autonomy | 第19-20页 |
| 2．2．2 Constructivist Approach and Psychological Versions of Autonomy | 第20-21页 |
| 2．2．3 Critical Theory and Political Versions of autonomy | 第21-22页 |
| 2．3 Justifications for Learner Autonomy | 第22-25页 |
| 2．4 Toward a Synthesis:Learner Autonomy in the Classroom | 第25-31页 |
| 2．4．1 Characteristics of Autonomous Language Learners | 第26-27页 |
| 2．4．2 The Teacher's Role in Learner Autonomy | 第27-28页 |
| 2．4．3 Three Pedagogical Principles Related to Learner Autonomy 1 | 第28-31页 |
| 3 DEVELOPMENTOFTHEPROBLEMSFOR FIRST-YEARENGLISHMAJORS | 第31-37页 |
| 3．1 Problems First-year English Majors Have in Language Learning | 第31-32页 |
| 3．2 Causes for the Problems | 第32-35页 |
| 3．2．1 The Influence of Culture and Traditional Education System | 第32页 |
| 3．2．2 Teachers' beliefs about learning and teaching | 第32-33页 |
| 3．2．3 Learners' lack of Mtacognitive Knowledge | 第33-34页 |
| 3．2．4 Principles of Teaching and Learning used In Secondary English Education | 第34-35页 |
| 3．3 Developing Learner Autonomy by Cooperative Learning | 第35-37页 |
| 4． FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE—ENHANCING LEARNER AUTONOMYBYCOOPERATIVELEARNING | 第37-67页 |
| 4．1 An Exploration of the Relationship between Learner Autonomy and Cooperative Learning | 第37-42页 |
| 4．1．1 A Social Framewok for Cooperative Learning Environment | 第38-39页 |
| 4．1．2 Providing opportunities for participation and Communication | 第39-40页 |
| 4．1．3 Providing a Learning Environment for Learner Autonomy | 第40-41页 |
| 4．1．4 Motivation Perspective | 第41-42页 |
| 4．2 Elements of Cooperative Learning | 第42-48页 |
| 4．2．1 Positive Interdependence | 第42-44页 |
| 4．2．2 Individual and Group Accountability | 第44-45页 |
| 4．2．3 Face-to-face Interaction | 第45-46页 |
| 4．2．4 Interpersonal and Social Skills | 第46-47页 |
| 4．2．5 Group Processing | 第47-48页 |
| 4．3 Strategies for Facilitating Cooperative Learning | 第48-54页 |
| 4．3．1 Preparations for the Cooperative Learning | 第48-53页 |
| 4．3．1．1 The Role of the Teacher in the Cooperative Learning Classroom | 第49-51页 |
| 4．3．1．2 Preparing Learners for Cooperative Tasks | 第51-52页 |
| 4．3．1．3 Developing Learners' Language Awareness | 第52-53页 |
| 4．3．2 Starting with Easy-to do CL Activities | 第53页 |
| 4．3．3 Group Arrangement | 第53-54页 |
| 4．4 Implementing Cooperative Activities in the Classroom | 第54-63页 |
| 4．4．1 Factors Concerned with Fostering Interaction | 第54-55页 |
| 4．4．2 Interactive Activities in the EFL classroom | 第55-63页 |
| 4．4．2．1 Think-Pair-Share | 第56页 |
| 4．4．2．2 Jigsaw Activities | 第56-57页 |
| 4．4．2．3 Group Investigation | 第57-59页 |
| 4．4．2．4 Students Teams Achievement Divisions | 第59页 |
| 4．4．2．5 Cooperative Writing and Peer Response | 第59-61页 |
| 4．4．2．6 The Dictogloss Procedure as a Means to Cooperate | 第61页 |
| 4．4．2．7 Role-play | 第61-62页 |
| 4．4．2．8 Paired Storytelling | 第62-63页 |
| 4．5 Evaluations of Cooperative Techniques | 第63-67页 |
| 4．5．1 Involving Learners in the Learner Process | 第63-64页 |
| 4．5．2 Increasing Confidence | 第64页 |
| 4．5．3 Increasing Support for Language Learners to Move from Interdependence to Independence | 第64-65页 |
| 4．5．4 Increasing Opportunities for Negotiation of Meaning | 第65页 |
| 4．5．5 Increasing Opportunities for learners to Develop Higher Order and Critical Thinking Skills | 第65-67页 |
| 5 CONCLUSION | 第67-71页 |
| REFERENCES | 第71-75页 |
