| 摘要 | 第6-7页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第7-8页 |
| LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS | 第13-14页 |
| CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION | 第14-31页 |
| 1.1 Background | 第14-18页 |
| 1.1.1 Use of nuclear rDNA for trematode identification and systematics | 第14-17页 |
| 1.1.2 Significance of mtDNA in trematode taxonomy and phylogeny | 第17-18页 |
| 1.2 Mitochondrial genomes of trematodes | 第18-30页 |
| 1.2.1 Structure and gene organization | 第18-19页 |
| 1.2.2 Genetic code,nucleotide composition and length of genes | 第19-20页 |
| 1.2.3 Leucine zipper | 第20-25页 |
| 1.2.4 Transfer and ribosomal RNA genes | 第25-26页 |
| 1.2.5 Overlaps between mt genes | 第26-29页 |
| 1.2.6 Non-coding regions | 第29-30页 |
| 1.3 Conclusion | 第30页 |
| 1.4 Purpose and significance of the study | 第30-31页 |
| CHAPTER2 Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Plagiorchis maculosus(Digenea,Plagiorchiidae):representative of a taxonomically complex digenean family | 第31-43页 |
| 2.1 Summary | 第31页 |
| 2.2 Introduction | 第31-32页 |
| 2.3 Materials and methods | 第32-35页 |
| 2.3.1 Trematode specimens and DNA extraction | 第32-33页 |
| 2.3.2 Amplification of ITS and28S rDNA | 第33页 |
| 2.3.3 PCR-based sequencing of complete mitogenome | 第33页 |
| 2.3.4 Mitogenome annotation and data analyses | 第33-34页 |
| 2.3.5 Phylogenetic analyses | 第34-35页 |
| 2.4 Results and discussion | 第35-42页 |
| 2.4.1 Molecular identification of specimens | 第35页 |
| 2.4.2 Mitochondrial genome arrangement and nucleotide usage | 第35-39页 |
| 2.4.3 Protein-coding genes and codon usage | 第39页 |
| 2.4.4 Transfer and ribosomal RNA genes | 第39-41页 |
| 2.4.5 Non-coding region | 第41页 |
| 2.4.6 Molecular phylogeny | 第41-42页 |
| 2.5 Conclusion | 第42-43页 |
| CHAPTER3 Molecular phylogenetics and mitogenomics of three avian dicrocoeliids(Digenea:Dicrocoeliidae)and comparison between mitogenomes of avian and mammalian dicrocoeliids | 第43-60页 |
| 3.1 Summary | 第43页 |
| 3.2 Introduction | 第43-45页 |
| 3.3 Materials and Methods | 第45-47页 |
| 3.3.1 Parasites collection and genomic DNA isolation | 第45页 |
| 3.3.2 Amplification and analysis of nuclear28S rDNA | 第45页 |
| 3.3.3 Long-PCR-based sequencing of mt genom | 第45-46页 |
| 3.3.4 mtDNA sequence assembly,annotation and analyses | 第46页 |
| 3.3.5 Genetic relationship of Dicrocoeliidae with other digenean | 第46-47页 |
| 3.4 Results and discussion | 第47-59页 |
| 3.4.1 Molecular phylogeny within Dicrocoeliidae | 第47-48页 |
| 3.4.2 Gene organization,size and nucleotide content of mitogenomes | 第48-50页 |
| 3.4.3 Protein-coding genes and codon usage | 第50页 |
| 3.4.4 Transfer and ribosomal RNA genes | 第50-52页 |
| 3.4.5 Non-coding regions | 第52-54页 |
| 3.4.6 Diversity and mutation rate rate among dicrocoeliid mitogenomes | 第54-59页 |
| 3.4.7 Phylogeny of the Dicrocoeliidae | 第59页 |
| 3.5 Conclusion | 第59-60页 |
| Chapter4 Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Uvitellina sp.,representative of the family Cyclocoelidae and phylogenetic implications | 第60-73页 |
| 4.1 Summary | 第60页 |
| 4.2 Introduction | 第60-62页 |
| 4.3 Materials and Methods | 第62-63页 |
| 4.3.1 Sampling,identification and DNA extraction | 第62页 |
| 4.3.2 ITS rDNA sequencing and comparison with European cyclocoelids | 第62页 |
| 4.3.3 Long-PCR and mt genome sequencing | 第62页 |
| 4.3.4 Sequence assembly and mitogenome characterization | 第62-63页 |
| 4.3.5 Phylogenetic analyses | 第63页 |
| 4.4 Results and discussion | 第63-72页 |
| 4.4.1 Identification and differences in ITS rDNA with European cyclocoelids | 第63-64页 |
| 4.4.2 Mitochondrial genome features and gene content | 第64-65页 |
| 4.4.3 Genetic relationships | 第65-72页 |
| 4.5 Conclusion | 第72-73页 |
| Chapter5 Mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal DNA dataset suggests that Hepatiarius sudarikovi Feizullaev1961 is a member of the genus Opisthorchis Blanchard,1895(Digenea:Opisthorchiidae) | 第73-85页 |
| 5.1 Summary | 第73页 |
| 5.2 Introduction | 第73-74页 |
| 5.3 Materials and methods | 第74-76页 |
| 5.3.1 Parasites and DNA extraction | 第74-75页 |
| 5.3.2 The acquisition of H.sudarikovi ITS rDNA | 第75页 |
| 5.3.3 PCR-based sequencing of H.sudarikovi mt genome | 第75-76页 |
| 5.3.4 Genome assembly,annotation,and bioinformatics analysis | 第76页 |
| 5.3.5 Phylogenetic analysis | 第76页 |
| 5.4 Results and discussion | 第76-84页 |
| 5.4.1 Morphological identification | 第76-77页 |
| 5.4.2 ITS sequence comparison with other flukes within Opisthorchiidae | 第77-80页 |
| 5.4.3 Characterization of the H.sudarikovi mt genome | 第80-84页 |
| 5.4.4 Phylogenetic analysis | 第84页 |
| 5.5 Conclusion | 第84-85页 |
| Conclusion | 第85-86页 |
| References | 第86-100页 |
| Acknowledgement | 第100-101页 |
| Resume | 第101-104页 |
