| 摘 要 | 第7-9页 |
| ABSTRACT | 第9-10页 |
| LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATION | 第11-13页 |
| CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION | 第13-34页 |
| 1.1.BRIEF INTRODUCTION | 第13-15页 |
| 1.2.RAPESEED | 第15-16页 |
| 1.3.DISEASES OF RAPESEED | 第16-19页 |
| 1.4.STEM ROT OF RAPESEED | 第19页 |
| 1.5.SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM | 第19-20页 |
| 1.6.MANAGEMENT OF PLANT DISEASES AND CONTROL OF STEM ROT DISEASE | 第20-22页 |
| 1.7.MYCOVIRUSES | 第22-29页 |
| 1.7.1.The mycovirus definition | 第22-23页 |
| 1.7.2.Mycoviral Evolution | 第23-25页 |
| 1.7.3.Model fungus for Mycoviral Study | 第25-26页 |
| 1.7.4.Metagenomics Study, Presence and Transmission of Mycoviruses | 第26-29页 |
| 1.8.MYCOVIRUSES IN SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM | 第29-31页 |
| 1.9.IMPORTANCE AND LIMITATIONS OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL USING MYCOVIRUSES | 第31-33页 |
| 1.10.OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY | 第33-34页 |
| CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS | 第34-44页 |
| 2.1.INCOULATION OF SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM STRAINS | 第34页 |
| 2.2 SELECTION OF ABNORMAL STRAINS, TOTAL RNA EXTRACTION/ RNA LIBRARY | 第34-35页 |
| 2.3.BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSES | 第35页 |
| 2.4.CDNA SYNTHESIS AND STRAINS LOCALIZATION AFTER RNA-SEQUENCING | 第35-36页 |
| 2.5.FUNGAL ISOLATE AND CULTURE CONDITIONS FOR STRAINS CONTAINING VIRUSES | 第36页 |
| 2.6.CONFIRMATION OF NOVEL –SENSE RNA VIRUSES FROM RNA-SEQUENCING | 第36-37页 |
| 2.7.CONFIRMATION OF NOVEL +SENSE RNA VIRUSES FROM RNA-SEQUENCING | 第37-38页 |
| 2.8.DSRNA EXTRACTION | 第38-39页 |
| 2.9.RAPID AMPLIFICATION OF CDNA ENDS AND SEQUENCING FOR SSDFV2 | 第39-40页 |
| 2.10.VIRUSES IDENTIFICATION FROM DSRNA PARTICLE PURIFICATION AND CDNA CLONING | 第40-41页 |
| 2.11.BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF STRAIN CARRYING SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM DELTAFLEXIVIRUS 2 (SSDFV2) | 第41-42页 |
| 2.12.VIRAL TRANSMISSION ASSAY OF SSDFV2 (DUAL CULTURE EXPERIMENT) | 第42-43页 |
| 2.13.VIRAL TRANSMISSION ASSAY OF SSDFV2 (TRI-CULTURE EXPERIMENT) | 第43-44页 |
| CHAPTER 3 RESULTS | 第44-86页 |
| 3.1.TOTAL RNA EXTRACTION FOR RNA-SEQUENCING | 第44页 |
| 3.2.MYCOVIRAL DIVERSITY IN S.SCLEROTIORUM AFTER RNA-SEQUENCING DATA ANALYSIS | 第44-45页 |
| 3.3.SSRNA POSITIVE-STRAND VIRUSES FROM RNA-SEQUENCING ANALYSIS | 第45-48页 |
| 3.4.SSRNA NEGATIVE-STRAND VIRUSES FROM RNA-SEQUENCING ANALYSIS | 第48-49页 |
| 3.5.DSRNA VIRUSES FROM RNA-SEQUENCING ANALYSIS | 第49-50页 |
| 3.6.SSDNA VIRUSES FROM RNA-SEQUENCING ANALYSIS | 第50页 |
| 3.7.MOST ABUNDANT VIRUSES WITH MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM NUMBER OF GENES (BASED ON RNA-SEQUENCING READS) | 第50-54页 |
| 3.8. | 第54-64页 |
| 3.8.1.DETECTION OF NOVEL –SENSE SSRNA VIRUS FROM BUNYAVIRIDAE | 第54-57页 |
| 3.8.1.1.Morphology of strain containing novel virus from Bunyaviridae | 第55-56页 |
| 3.8.1.2.Sequence properties of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum bunya-like virus 1 (obtained sequence) and Phylogenetic analysis | 第56-57页 |
| 3.8.2.DETECTION OF NOVEL VIRUS FROM UNCLASSIFIED FAMILY OF –SENSE RNA VIRUS NAMED SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM NEGATIVE-STRAND RNA VIRUS 9 | 第57-61页 |
| 3.8.2.1.Morphology of strain containing novel –sense RNA virus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum negative-stranded RNA virus 9 | 第58-59页 |
| 3.8.2.2.Sequence properties of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum negative-stranded RNA virus 9 (obtained sequence) and Phylogenetic analysis | 第59-61页 |
| 3.8.3.DETECTION AND STRAIN LOCALIZATION OF NOVEL VIRUS FROM TYMOVIRALES NAMED SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM MYCOTYMOVIRUS 1 | 第61-64页 |
| 3.8.3.1.Morphology of strain containing Ss MTV1 and ds RNA extraction | 第61-62页 |
| 3.8.3.2.Sequence properties of Ss MTV1 and Phylogenetic analysis | 第62-64页 |
| 3.9.DISCOVERY OF A NOVEL VIRUS NAMED SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM DELTAFLEXIVIRUS 2 WHICH COULD TRANSMIT AMONG DIFFERENT VEGETATIVE COMPATIBILITY GROUPS | 第64-86页 |
| 3.9.1.Group localization for novel mycovirus from Tymovirales named Sclerotinia sclerotiorum deltaflexivirus 2 | 第64-65页 |
| 3.9.2.Strain localization from group containg Ss DFV2 | 第65-66页 |
| 3.9.3.Morphology of strain 228 (virus-infected strain) | 第66页 |
| 3.9.4.Growth rates and pathogenicity of 228 compared with N36 | 第66-67页 |
| 3.9.5.ds RNA extraction of strain containing Ss DFV2 | 第67-68页 |
| 3.9.6.Putative detection of Bp RV1 and Ss DFV2 in a single hypovirulent strain compared with N36 and Ep-1PNA367 (virus free strains) | 第68-69页 |
| 3.9.7.Genome orangization of Ss DFV2 (3` and 5` end terminal cloning) | 第69-70页 |
| 3.9.8.Phylogenetic and conserved domain analysis of Ss DFV2 | 第70-76页 |
| 3.9.9.Transmission assay of Ss DFV2 with dual-culture of strain 228 (Bp RV1 and Ss DFV2 co-infected strain) and strain N36 (virus-free strain)- Vegetatively compatible strains | 第76-77页 |
| 3.9.10.Transmission assay of Ss DFV2 with dual-culture of strain 228 (Bp RV1 and Ss DFV2 co-infected strain) and strain Ep-1PNA367-hyg (virus-free strain) – Vegetatively incompatible strains | 第77-79页 |
| 3.9.11.Confirmation of Ss DFV2 transmission in 10 individual strains obtained from dual-culture of 228 and Ep-1PNA367hyg | 第79-80页 |
| 3.9.12.Incompatibility confirmation between 228 and Ep-1PNA367hyg on 50% PDA | 第80-81页 |
| 3.9.13.Transmission assay of Ss DFV2 with tri-culture of strain 228 (Bp RV1 and Ss DFV2 co-infected strain), strain N36 (virus-free strain) and Ep-1PNA367 (virus-free strain) | 第81-82页 |
| 3.9.14.Ss DFV2 breaks vegetative incompatibility in infected strain | 第82页 |
| 3.9.15.Transmission assay of Ss DFV2 with dual-culture of strain 228 (Bp RV1 and Ss DFV2 co-infected strain) and strain 1980-hyg (virus-free strain) | 第82-84页 |
| 3.9.16.Transmission assay of Ss DFV2 with dual-culture of strain Ep-1PNA367VI (Ss DFV2-infected strain) and strain 1980-hyg (virus-free strain) | 第84-85页 |
| 3.9.17.Pathogenicity comparison between 1980VI and 1980 | 第85-86页 |
| CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION | 第86-96页 |
| REFERENCES | 第96-110页 |
| APPENDIX | 第110-151页 |
| PUBLICATIONS | 第151-152页 |
| ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 第152-153页 |
