| Acknowledgements | 第1-5页 |
| Academic Achievements | 第5-12页 |
| Chapter One Introduction | 第12-15页 |
| ·Research Orientation | 第12-13页 |
| ·Significance of the Research | 第13页 |
| ·Objective of the Research | 第13-14页 |
| ·Paper Structure | 第14页 |
| ·Summary | 第14-15页 |
| Chapter Two Literature Review | 第15-26页 |
| ·Studies on the Acquisition of Referring Subjects | 第16-19页 |
| ·Studies on the Acquisition of Referring Subjects Abroad | 第16-18页 |
| ·Studies on the Acquisition of Referring Subjects in China | 第18-19页 |
| ·Views on Asymmetries | 第19-25页 |
| ·Asymmetries as an Experimental Artifact | 第19-22页 |
| ·Asymmetries as a Result of Cognitive Limitations | 第22-24页 |
| ·Asymmetries as a Result of the Grammar | 第24-25页 |
| ·Summary | 第25-26页 |
| Chapter Three Theoretical Background | 第26-33页 |
| ·Asymmetry Grammar Hypothesis | 第26-28页 |
| ·Optimality Theory | 第28-30页 |
| ·Basic Ideas of Optimality Theory | 第28-29页 |
| ·Faithfulness Constraints and Markedness Constraints | 第29-30页 |
| ·The Centering Theory | 第30-32页 |
| ·Summary | 第32-33页 |
| Chapter Four The Present Study | 第33-40页 |
| ·Hypotheses | 第33-34页 |
| ·Participants | 第34页 |
| ·Production task | 第34-37页 |
| ·Material | 第34-35页 |
| ·Procedure | 第35-36页 |
| ·Result Description | 第36-37页 |
| ·Comprehension Task | 第37-39页 |
| ·Material | 第37-39页 |
| ·Procedure | 第39页 |
| ·Result Description | 第39页 |
| ·Summary | 第39-40页 |
| Chapter Five Data Description | 第40-48页 |
| ·The Production Results | 第40-43页 |
| ·The Comprehension Results | 第43-46页 |
| ·Summary | 第46-48页 |
| Chapter Six Discussion | 第48-58页 |
| ·Asymmetries in the Acquisition of Referring Subjects in Discourse | 第48-49页 |
| ·Constraints in the Acquisition of Referring Subjects in Discourse | 第49-52页 |
| ·Constraint Interaction in the Acquisition of Referring Subjects in Discourse | 第52-55页 |
| ·Bidirectional Optimization | 第55-57页 |
| ·Summary | 第57-58页 |
| Chapter Seven Conclusion | 第58-60页 |
| References | 第60-64页 |
| Appendixes | 第64-68页 |
| 论文摘要 | 第68-69页 |
| Abstract of Thesis | 第69页 |
