| Acknowledgements | 第1-8页 |
| Abstract | 第8-10页 |
| Abstract(Chinese version) | 第10-12页 |
| Preface(Chinese version) | 第12-15页 |
| Chapter 1 Introduction | 第15-21页 |
| ·Introduction | 第15页 |
| ·Need for the Study | 第15-20页 |
| ·Describing the Subculture of the Low Achievers in EFL Courses | 第15-16页 |
| ·Doing Ethnographic Study to Investigate the Causes of Poor Performance | 第16-18页 |
| ·Informing and Improving EFL Teaching and Learning in Private Colleges | 第18-20页 |
| ·Overview of the Thesis | 第20-21页 |
| Chapter 2 Conceptual Framework | 第21-33页 |
| ·Studies on Low Achievers in EFL Courses | 第21-23页 |
| ·Introduction | 第21页 |
| ·Historical Background of the Development of Private Colleges | 第21-22页 |
| ·Studies on the Poor Performances in EFL Courses in Private Colleges in China | 第22页 |
| ·Summary | 第22-23页 |
| ·Why is Ethnography Suitable for the Research? | 第23-27页 |
| ·1 Introduction | 第23页 |
| ·Ethnography: Definitions and Advantages | 第23-24页 |
| ·The Youth Subculture | 第24-25页 |
| ·The Learning Styles of the Students | 第25-26页 |
| ·The Effect of Tracking | 第26-27页 |
| ·Summary | 第27页 |
| ·Requirements for Effective Teaching | 第27-33页 |
| ·Introduction | 第27-28页 |
| ·To Know the Low Achievers Better | 第28页 |
| ·To Understand the Climate of the Private College | 第28-31页 |
| ·To Recruit and Train More Full-time Teachers | 第31-32页 |
| ·Summary | 第32-33页 |
| Chapter 3 Methodology | 第33-39页 |
| ·Researcher Profile | 第33页 |
| ·Research Site and Participants | 第33-34页 |
| ·Data Collection | 第34-39页 |
| ·Instrument 1: Participant Observation | 第34-36页 |
| ·Instrument 2: Interview | 第36-37页 |
| ·Instrument 3: Questionnaire | 第37-39页 |
| Chapter 4 Results and Discussion | 第39-48页 |
| ·The Subculture of the Students Placed in the Low Track in Z College | 第39-42页 |
| ·A Description of the Campus | 第39-40页 |
| ·The Low Morale of the Students | 第40页 |
| ·The Climate in the Classroom in Particular | 第40-41页 |
| ·How Students in the Low Track Feel | 第41-42页 |
| ·Causes of the Students' Poor Performances | 第42-45页 |
| ·Less Concentrated on English Study in Class | 第42-43页 |
| ·Little Time Spent on English Study outside Class | 第43页 |
| ·Effort Optimism | 第43-45页 |
| ·How to Improve the Teaching and Learning of the Students | 第45-48页 |
| ·To Know More about the Students and Design Suitable Curriculum | 第45页 |
| ·To Stabilize the Teaching Faculty and Improve their Ability | 第45-46页 |
| ·To Stop Tracking and Create Learning Environment Which Favors the Students' English Learning | 第46-48页 |
| Chapter 5 Findings and Implications | 第48-50页 |
| ·Findings of the Study | 第48页 |
| ·Strengths and Weaknesses of the Study | 第48-49页 |
| ·Implications for Further Study | 第49-50页 |
| References | 第50-54页 |
| Notes | 第54-55页 |
| Appendix 1 | 第55-56页 |
| Appendix 2 | 第56-57页 |
| Appendix 3 | 第57-60页 |
| Appendix 4 | 第60-64页 |
| Appendix 5 | 第64-70页 |
